Pre-diabetesNCT00775684
Effect of Exenatide, Sitagliptin or Glimepiride on Functional ß -Cell Mass
A study testing Exenatide, Sitagliptin and Glimepiride in people with Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes, run by University of Pennsylvania at 3 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This study evaluates exenatide, sitagliptin, and glimepiride for the treatment of high blood sugar in patients with impaired fasting glucose or early type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine if exenatide and sitagliptin increase the amount of insulin made by the pancreas compared to glimepiride. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Pre-diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes
- What is being tested?
- Exenatide, Sitagliptin and Glimepiride
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 47 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- Oct 2008to Nov 2012
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 70 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Male and female patients age 18 to 70 years.
- Ability to provide written informed consent
- Mentally stable and able to comply with the procedures of the study protocol
- Clinical history compatible with impaired fasting glucose or early T2D as defined by a plasma glucose concentration between 110-159 mg/dl following a 12 hour overnight fast performed off any anti-diabetogenic agent for at least 2 weeks (6 weeks for thiazolidinediones)
- Stable body weight (+ 5%) for at least 2 weeks
- Female Patients: Agree to use adequate contraception if reproductively capable. Adequate contraception includes either a hormonal or barrier method, or surgical sterilization.
Who cannot join
- Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes
- Receiving insulin, exenatide (Byetta®), or sitagliptin (Januvia®) treatment or taking > 2 oral anti-diabetogenic agents for the treatment of diabetes
- BMI > 44 kg/m2
- Allergy to any sulfa-containing compounds
- Uncontrolled hypertension (Systolic Blood Pressure >160 or Diastolic Blood Pressure > 100 mmHg)
- Uncontrolled hyperlipidemia (triglycerides > 500 or LDL > 160 mg/dl)
Show all 16Show fewer
- Elevation of liver function tests > 2 times the upper limit of normal
- Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) < 55 ml/min/1.73m2 (46)
- Hyperkalemia (serum potassium > 5.5 mmol/L)
- Moderate anemia (hemoglobin concentration < 12 g/dl in men and < 11 g/dl in women)
- Female patients: pregnant or lactating
- Hepatic cirrhosis
- Known active alcohol or substance abuse
- Active cardiovascular disease
- Use of any investigational agent within 6 weeks of the baseline visit
- Any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, will interfere with the safe completion of the trial
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
United States3 sites
Clinical and Translational Research Center, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
Rodebaugh Diabetes Center, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
Pennsylvania Hospital
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107
About this study
Official title: A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing the Effect of Exenatide, Sitagliptin or Glimepiride on Functional ß -Cell Mass in Patients With Impaired Fasting Glucose or Early Type 2 Diabetes
This study evaluates exenatide, sitagliptin, and glimepiride for the treatment of high blood sugar in patients with impaired fasting glucose or early type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine if exenatide and sitagliptin increase the amount of insulin made by the pancreas compared to glimepiride. It is hypothesized that exenatide or sitagliptin will sustain or increase the amount of insulin made by the pancreas in comparison to glimepiride.
Read the detailed description
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached epidemic proportions throughout the world. In the United States more than 1.5 million new cases of diabetes were diagnosed in 2005, and the estimated prevalence of the disease was over 20 million. Another 54 million Americans are believed to have impaired fasting glucose, which represents a "pre-diabetic" state at increased risk for progression to overt diabetes. T2D ultimately results from an inadequate mass of functional beta-cells, where insufficient beta-cell compensation for insulin resistance leads to the development of impaired glucose tolerance and eventually diabetes. Autopsy studies have demonstrated a decreased beta-cell mass occurring with fasting glucose > 110 mg/dl, consistent with functional studies that demonstrate decreased beta-cell (insulin) secretory capacity beginning in the range of impaired fasting glucose. Strategies that might preserve or expand functional beta-cell mass in vivo would be expected to reverse the progressive deterioration in blood glucose control seen with diabetes. One such strategy involves the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which is trophic for islet beta-cells, having both pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, it is not known whether increasing GLP-1 effects can preserve or enhance functional beta-cell mass in humans. This proposal will determine the effect of increasing GLP-1 levels on functional beta-cell mass in human subjects with impaired fasting glucose (fasting glucose 110 - 126 mg/dl) or early T2D (fasting glucose 127 - 149 mg/dl) where a critical window exists for reversing further beta-cell deterioration. GLP-1 effects will be promoted by administration of either the GLP-1 analog, exenatide, or by increasing endogenous GLP-1 levels through administration of the oral dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor sitagliptin for a 6-month period. To control for the effect of exenatide and sitagliptin on normalization of blood glucose, subjects will be randomized to receive exenatide, sitagliptin or the sulfonylurea glimepiride, the latter being a first-line anti-diabetogenic agent that will serve as an active comparator.
- Conditions
- Pre-diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes
- Being tested
- Exenatide, Sitagliptin, Glimepiride
- Keywords
- Exenatide, Sitagliptin, Glimepiride, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Type 2 Diabetes, Beta-cell Function, Beta-cell Secretory Capacity, Glucose-potentiated arginine
- Medical subject headings
- Glucose Intolerance, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ExenatideDrug
Also called Byetta®
Exenatide (Byetta®)-5 µg injected subcutaneously twice daily and increased after 1 month to 10 µg twice daily as tolerated by gastrointestinal effects
SitagliptinDrug
Also called Januvia®
Sitagliptin (Januvia®)100 mg by mouth every morning
GlimepirideDrug
Also called Amaryl®
Glimepiride (Amaryl®)-0.5 mg by mouth every morning and then increased by 0.5 - 1.0 mg at each monthly visit to achieve an average fasting glucose < 110mg/dl
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Exenatide | Experimental | Exenatide (Byetta®)-5 µg injected subcutaneously twice daily and increased after 1 month to 10 µg twice daily as tolerated by gastrointestinal effects Receives: Drug: Exenatide |
| Sitagliptin | Experimental | Sitagliptin (Januvia®)-100 mg by mouth every morning Receives: Drug: Sitagliptin |
| Glimepiride | Active comparator | Glimepiride (Amaryl®)-0.5 mg by mouth every morning and then increased by 0.5 - 1.0 mg at each monthly visit to achieve an average fasting glucose < 110mg/dl Receives: Drug: Glimepiride |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Effect on Functional Beta-cell Mass as Determined by Change in ß-cell Secretory Capacity at 6 Months (μU/ml)
The acute insulin response to arginine (AIRarg) performed during the 340mg/dl glucose clamp allows for estimation of the the beta-cell secretory capacity (AIRmax) or functional beta-cell mass. Changes from baseline to 6 months of AIRmax were compared across groups
Measured: Baseline and 6 months
Effect on Functional Beta-cell Mass as Determined by Change in ß-cell Secretory Capacity at 6 Months (pg/mL)
AGRmin is performed during the 340mg/dl glucose clamp allows for estimation of the minimum alpha-cell glucagon secretion. Changes from baseline to 6 months of AGRmin were compared across groups.
Measured: Baseline and 6 months
Secondary outcomes (3)
Change in Acute Insulin Response to Arginine. (AIRarg)
The changes in B-cell insulin secretion, Acute Insulin Response to arginine (AIRarg) after 6 months were compared to baseline AIRarg for each group. Listed below are AIRarg at baseline and 6 months for each group.
Measured: Baseline and 6 months
Insulin Sensitivity at Baseline and 6 Months
Insulin sensitivity (M/I) was determined by dividing the mean glucose infusion rate required during the 230 mg/dL glucose clamp (M) by the mean prestimulus insulin level (I) between 40 and 45 min of the glucose infusion The mean difference after 6 months in insulin sensitivity (M/I) were compared
Measured: Baseline and 6 months
PG 50 (the Plasma Glucose Level at Which Half-maximal Insulin Secretion is Achieved During the Glucose-potentiated Arginine Test) at Baseline and 6 Months
Between ∼60 and 250 mg/dL, the magnitude of AIRarg is a linear function of the plasma glucose level, so the difference in AIRarg at fasting and 230 mg/dL glucose levels divided by the difference in plasma glucose (ΔAIRarg/ΔPG) gives the glucose-potentiation slope (GPS) (8,24-26). Using the y-intercept (b) from the line created by these two points, the plasma glucose level at which half-maximal insulin secretion is achieved (PG50) is derived from solving the equation 1/2 (AIRmax) = (GPS · PG50) + b, and provides a measure of β-cell sensitivity to glucose The mean difference after 6 months in PG 50 were compared. Listed below are the PG50 values at baseline and 6 months.
Measured: Baseline and 6 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Oct 2008 (estimated)
- Study startOct 2008
- Primary completionNov 2012
- Study completionNov 2012
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Pre-diabetesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PennsylvaniaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 47 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pennsylvania
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Pennsylvania Department of Health
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Michael R. Rickels, MD, MS, University of Pennsylvania
- Investigators
- Michael Rickels, M.D., M.S., Principal investigator, University of Pennsylvania, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00775684
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 808425
- Status last verified
- May 2022
- First submitted
- 17 Oct 2008
- Last updated
- 7 Jun 2022
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
National Diabetes Statistics http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/index.htm 2005. 2-16-2007 Ref Type: Electronic Citation
King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care. 1998 Sep;21(9):1414-31. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.9.1414.
PubMed 9727886U.K. prospective diabetes study 16. Overview of 6 years' therapy of type II diabetes: a progressive disease. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Diabetes. 1995 Nov;44(11):1249-58.
PubMed 7589820Butler AE, Janson J, Bonner-Weir S, Ritzel R, Rizza RA, Butler PC. Beta-cell deficit and increased beta-cell apoptosis in humans with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2003 Jan;52(1):102-10. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.1.102.
PubMed 12502499Ritzel RA, Butler AE, Rizza RA, Veldhuis JD, Butler PC. Relationship between beta-cell mass and fasting blood glucose concentration in humans. Diabetes Care. 2006 Mar;29(3):717-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-1538. No abstract available.
PubMed 16505537Kahn SE. Clinical review 135: The importance of beta-cell failure in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Sep;86(9):4047-58. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.9.7713. No abstract available.
PubMed 11549624Godsland IF, Jeffs JAR, Johnston DG. Loss of beta cell function as fasting glucose increases in the non-diabetic range. Diabetologia. 2004 Jul;47(7):1157-1166. doi: 10.1007/s00125-004-1454-z. Epub 2004 Jul 13.
PubMed 15249997Ward WK, Bolgiano DC, McKnight B, Halter JB, Porte D Jr. Diminished B cell secretory capacity in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest. 1984 Oct;74(4):1318-28. doi: 10.1172/JCI111542.
PubMed 6384269
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 7 Jun 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing the Effect of Exenatide, Sitagliptin or Glimepiride on Functional ß -Cell Mass in Patients With Impaired Fasting Glucose or Early Type 2 Diabetes
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT00775684
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 808425
- Conditions
- Pre-diabetes, Type 2 Diabetes
- Keywords
- Exenatide, Sitagliptin, Glimepiride, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, Impaired Fasting Glucose, Type 2 Diabetes, Beta-cell Function, Beta-cell Secretory Capacity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 47 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PennsylvaniaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Pennsylvania Department of Health
- Study start
- Oct 2008
- Primary completion
- Nov 2012 (actual)
- Study completion
- Nov 2012 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Oct 2008 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 6 Dec 2017
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study evaluates exenatide, sitagliptin, and glimepiride for the treatment of high blood sugar in patients with impaired fasting glucose or early type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to determine if exenatide and sitagliptin increase the amount of insulin made by the pancreas compared to glimepiride. It is hypothesized that exenatide or sitagliptin will sustain or increase the amount of insulin made by the pancreas in comparison to glimepiride.
Detailed description
The incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has reached epidemic proportions throughout the world. In the United States more than 1.5 million new cases of diabetes were diagnosed in 2005, and the estimated prevalence of the disease was over 20 million. Another 54 million Americans are believed to have impaired fasting glucose, which represents a "pre-diabetic" state at increased risk for progression to overt diabetes. T2D ultimately results from an inadequate mass of functional beta-cells, where insufficient beta-cell compensation for insulin resistance leads to the development of impaired glucose tolerance and eventually diabetes. Autopsy studies have demonstrated a decreased beta-cell mass occurring with fasting glucose > 110 mg/dl, consistent with functional studies that demonstrate decreased beta-cell (insulin) secretory capacity beginning in the range of impaired fasting glucose. Strategies that might preserve or expand functional beta-cell mass in vivo would be expected to reverse the progressive deterioration in blood glucose control seen with diabetes. One such strategy involves the incretin hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which is trophic for islet beta-cells, having both pro-proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects. However, it is not known whether increasing GLP-1 effects can preserve or enhance functional beta-cell mass in humans. This proposal will determine the effect of increasing GLP-1 levels on functional beta-cell mass in human subjects with impaired fasting glucose (fasting glucose 110 - 126 mg/dl) or early T2D (fasting glucose 127 - 149 mg/dl) where a critical window exists for reversing further beta-cell deterioration. GLP-1 effects will be promoted by administration of either the GLP-1 analog, exenatide, or by increasing endogenous GLP-1 levels through administration of the oral dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor sitagliptin for a 6-month period. To control for the effect of exenatide and sitagliptin on normalization of blood glucose, subjects will be randomized to receive exenatide, sitagliptin or the sulfonylurea glimepiride, the latter being a first-line anti-diabetogenic agent that will serve as an active comparator.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Exenatide | Experimental | Drug: ExenatideExenatide (Byetta®)-5 µg injected subcutaneously twice daily and increased after 1 month to 10 µg twice daily as tolerated by gastrointestinal effects |
| Sitagliptin | Experimental | Drug: SitagliptinSitagliptin (Januvia®)-100 mg by mouth every morning |
| Glimepiride | Active comparator | Drug: GlimepirideGlimepiride (Amaryl®)-0.5 mg by mouth every morning and then increased by 0.5 - 1.0 mg at each monthly visit to achieve an average fasting glucose < 110mg/dl |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 70 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Male and female patients age 18 to 70 years.
- Ability to provide written informed consent
- Mentally stable and able to comply with the procedures of the study protocol
- Clinical history compatible with impaired fasting glucose or early T2D as defined by a plasma glucose concentration between 110-159 mg/dl following a 12 hour overnight fast performed off any anti-diabetogenic agent for at least 2 weeks (6 weeks for thiazolidinediones)
- Stable body weight (+ 5%) for at least 2 weeks
Key exclusion criteria (16 listed)
- Diagnosis of type 1 diabetes
- Receiving insulin, exenatide (Byetta®), or sitagliptin (Januvia®) treatment or taking > 2 oral anti-diabetogenic agents for the treatment of diabetes
- BMI > 44 kg/m2
- Allergy to any sulfa-containing compounds
- Uncontrolled hypertension (Systolic Blood Pressure >160 or Diastolic Blood Pressure > 100 mmHg)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ExenatideAlso: Byetta®Exenatide (Byetta®)-5 µg injected subcutaneously twice daily and increased after 1 month to 10 µg twice daily as tolerated by gastrointestinal effects | Drug | Exenatide |
| SitagliptinAlso: Januvia®Sitagliptin (Januvia®)100 mg by mouth every morning | Drug | Sitagliptin |
| GlimepirideAlso: Amaryl®Glimepiride (Amaryl®)-0.5 mg by mouth every morning and then increased by 0.5 - 1.0 mg at each monthly visit to achieve an average fasting glucose < 110mg/dl | Drug | Glimepiride |
Primary outcome
Effect on Functional Beta-cell Mass as Determined by Change in ß-cell Secretory Capacity at 6 Months (μU/ml)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months
The acute insulin response to arginine (AIRarg) performed during the 340mg/dl glucose clamp allows for estimation of the the beta-cell secretory capacity (AIRmax) or functional beta-cell mass. Changes from baseline to 6 months of AIRmax were compared across groups
Effect on Functional Beta-cell Mass as Determined by Change in ß-cell Secretory Capacity at 6 Months (pg/mL)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months
AGRmin is performed during the 340mg/dl glucose clamp allows for estimation of the minimum alpha-cell glucagon secretion. Changes from baseline to 6 months of AGRmin were compared across groups.
3 secondary outcomes
Change in Acute Insulin Response to Arginine. (AIRarg)
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months
Insulin Sensitivity at Baseline and 6 Months
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months
PG 50 (the Plasma Glucose Level at Which Half-maximal Insulin Secretion is Achieved During the Glucose-potentiated Arginine Test) at Baseline and 6 Months
Time frame: Baseline and 6 months
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 7 Jun 2022.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- BackgroundNational Diabetes Statistics http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/statistics/index.htm 2005. 2-16-2007 Ref Type: Electronic Citation
- Background: PubMed 9727886King H, Aubert RE, Herman WH. Global burden of diabetes, 1995-2025: prevalence, numerical estimates, and projections. Diabetes Care. 1998 Sep;21(9):1414-31. doi: 10.2337/diacare.21.9.1414.
- Background: PubMed 7589820U.K. prospective diabetes study 16. Overview of 6 years' therapy of type II diabetes: a progressive disease. U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study Group. Diabetes. 1995 Nov;44(11):1249-58.
- Background: PubMed 12502499Butler AE, Janson J, Bonner-Weir S, Ritzel R, Rizza RA, Butler PC. Beta-cell deficit and increased beta-cell apoptosis in humans with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes. 2003 Jan;52(1):102-10. doi: 10.2337/diabetes.52.1.102.
- Background: PubMed 16505537Ritzel RA, Butler AE, Rizza RA, Veldhuis JD, Butler PC. Relationship between beta-cell mass and fasting blood glucose concentration in humans. Diabetes Care. 2006 Mar;29(3):717-8. doi: 10.2337/diacare.29.03.06.dc05-1538. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 11549624Kahn SE. Clinical review 135: The importance of beta-cell failure in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Sep;86(9):4047-58. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.9.7713. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 15249997Godsland IF, Jeffs JAR, Johnston DG. Loss of beta cell function as fasting glucose increases in the non-diabetic range. Diabetologia. 2004 Jul;47(7):1157-1166. doi: 10.1007/s00125-004-1454-z. Epub 2004 Jul 13.
- Background: PubMed 6384269Ward WK, Bolgiano DC, McKnight B, Halter JB, Porte D Jr. Diminished B cell secretory capacity in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Clin Invest. 1984 Oct;74(4):1318-28. doi: 10.1172/JCI111542.
- Michael R. Rickels, M.D., M.S. Faculty BioLink provided by the sponsor.
- Rodebaugh Diabetes CenterLink provided by the sponsor.
- Center for Human Phenomic Science (Formerly the Clinical and Translational Research Center)Link provided by the sponsor.
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity \& Metabolism - Clinical TrialsLink provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Michael Rickels, M.D., M.S. principal investigator
University of Pennsylvania, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exenatide, Sitagliptin and Glimepiride in people with Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes, run by University of Pennsylvania at 3 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 16 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 7 Jun 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 6 Dec 2017). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Effect on Functional Beta-cell Mass as Determined by Change in ß-cell Secretory Capacity at 6 Months (μU/ml) (time frame: Baseline and 6 months). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT00775684, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 7 Jun 2022; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.