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Migraine HeadachesNCT02351544

Prospective, Multi-Center Evaluation of the Efficacy of Peripheral Trigger Decompression Surgery for Migraine Headaches

A study testing Botulinum Toxin Type A, Surgery and Daily headache diary in people with Migraine Headaches, run by Ohio State University at 6 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

According to the peripheral trigger theory of migraine headaches, nociceptive inputs from irritated or compressed cranial nerve branches can lead to neurovascular changes in the brain that cause migraine headaches. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Migraine Headaches
What is being tested?
Botulinum Toxin Type A, Surgery and Daily headache diary
Type of treatment
Surgery or procedure
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
44 participants
Where
6 sitesUnited States
Study dates
Sep 2015to Jun 2022
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Patients with migraines related to a trigger site at the location of a branch of a cranial nerve (frontal, temporal, occipital)
  • Patients with chronic migraine (≥15 days per month) as dictated by the FDA indication for botulinum, and as diagnosed by a board-certified neurologist
  • Patients with episodic migraines
  • Those patients are included because there is no consensus whether surgical decompression is effective for chronic migraines only, or for chronic and episodic migraines. One of the goals of this trial is to determine this.
  • Patients who respond to diagnostic botulinum toxin injection or to a diagnostic anesthetic block
  • Patients who have failed 2 of 3 classes of preventative migraine medications

Who cannot join

  • Patients deemed by the authors or the neurologist to not have migraine headaches, but an alternative diagnosis
  • Patients with systemic conditions that make them poor candidates for surgery (coronary artery disease, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, etc…)
  • Patients with migraines related to inferior turbinate hypertrophy or septal deviation
  • Patients with a frontal, temporal or occipital trigger point who do not respond to a diagnostic botulinum toxin injection or to a diagnostic anesthetic block
  • Hypersensitivity to any botulinum toxin preparation or to any of the components in the formulation
  • Infection at the proposed injection site for botulinum
  • Patients with trigger points at minor trigger sites (lesser occipital nerve, third occipital nerve)

Trial locations and contacts

6 sites in 1 country.

6 sites in 1 country

United States6 sites
  • Massachusetts General Hospital

    Boston, Massachusetts, 02114

  • The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

    Columbus, Ohio, 43210

  • The University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Madison, Wisconsin, 53792

  • Premier Plastic Surgery of Kansas City

    Olathe, Kansas, 66061

  • Peled Plastic Surgery

    San Francisco, California, 94118

  • Neuropax Clinic

    St Louis, Missouri, 63161

Other trials in United States

About this study

According to the peripheral trigger theory of migraine headaches, nociceptive inputs from irritated or compressed cranial nerve branches can lead to neurovascular changes in the brain that cause migraine headaches. Advanced treatments aimed at deactivating the peripheral trigger points can be administered to patients who have failed medical management of migraines. Those accepted advanced treatments include botulinum toxin A injection in order to temporarily paralyze muscles causing nerve compression, and surgery to release those compression points permanently. An advantage of surgery is the ability to release non-muscular causes of nerve compression, such as fascial bands or intersecting arteries.

Botulinum toxin A injection into trigger sites has been shown in multiple studies to be effective at reducing the frequency and severity of migraine headaches, and is a very commonly administered treatment for refractory migraines. It is approved by the FDA for the treatment of chronic migraines.

Read more

Similarly, surgical decompression of trigger sites has previously been shown to have superior clinical outcomes to medical management, through a randomized, blinded controlled-trial performed at Case Western Reserve in 2009. Patients either received actual decompression of the trigger sites, or sham surgery (exposure and visualization of the trigger sites, without decompression). At one-year follow-up, the group who underwent actual surgery demonstrated a statistically higher proportion with significant improvement in their migraines (83.7% vs. 57.7%, p=0.014), and with complete elimination of their migraines (57.1% vs. 3.8%, p<0.001). Several other reports have confirmed the good clinical outcomes of surgery demonstrated in this trial, and surgical decompression is now commonly performed by several surgeons around the United States.

Prognostic factors predicting the success of surgical decompression in migraine headache treatment include older age of migraine onset, visual symptoms/aura, and 4-site decompression. Factors predicting failure of surgery include excessive operative blood loss, and surgery on only one or two trigger sites.

One criticism of the studies on peripheral trigger decompression surgery for migraines has been that most of the results have originated from the same institution (Case Western Reserve), and from the same author (Guyuron). While several studies at other institutions have demonstrated positive outcomes of peripheral trigger decompression, these have only included a small number of patients.

In addition, the sham surgery randomized-controlled trial has been criticized for not clarifying any prior treatments that patients had undergone before peripheral trigger deactivation, and for not showing how medication use patterns changed after surgery. Another criticism of that study was the fact that patients were examined by neurologists before the study but not after the study, and that surgery was performed on some patients with episodic migraines, who are known to not benefit from botulinum toxin. It is unclear what migraine types are most likely to benefit from surgical decompression.

The investigators' goal is to perform a multi-center, prospective trial to demonstrate the effectiveness of peripheral trigger decompression in the treatment of migraine headaches, which would address the criticisms mentioned above. The main aim is to demonstrate that the positive results demonstrated by Guyuron et al are reproducible at other institutions and by other surgeons using similar techniques on different patient populations.

Being tested
Botulinum Toxin Type A, Surgery, Daily headache diary, Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS), Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MWPLQ)
Medical subject headings
Migraine Disorders

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Botulinum Toxin Type ADrug

  • SurgeryProcedure or surgery

  • Daily headache diaryOther

  • Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS)Other

  • Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MWPLQ)Other

  • Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ)Other

Study groups in NCT02351544
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Botulinum toxinExperimentalPatients in this arm will receive botulinum toxin for migraine headaches
Receives: Drug: Botulinum Toxin Type A; Other: Daily headache diary; Other: Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS); Other: Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MWPLQ); Other: Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ)
SurgeryExperimentalPatients in this arm will receive surgery for migraine headaches
Receives: Procedure: Surgery; Other: Daily headache diary; Other: Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS); Other: Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MWPLQ); Other: Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ)

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Migraine Headache Index (MHI) at 1 Year

    MHI is a numerical value calculated by multiplying the severity (1-10 numerical rating scale), duration (fraction of 24 h), and frequency (days per month) of migraine headaches. The lower the value the lower migraine severity reported is. The index range is minimum 0.00 to maximum 300.00.

    Measured: 1 year postoperatively

  2. Migraine Headache Index (MHI) at 2 Years

    MHI is a numerical value calculated by multiplying the severity (1-10 numerical rating scale), duration (fraction of 24 h), and frequency (days per month) of migraine headaches. The lower the value the lower migraine severity reported is. The index range is minimum 0.00 to maximum 300.00.

    Measured: 2 years postoperatively

  3. Migraine Headache Index (MHI) at 2.5 Years

    MHI is a numerical value calculated by multiplying the severity (1-10 numerical rating scale), duration (fraction of 24 h), and frequency (days per month) of migraine headaches. The lower the value the lower migraine severity reported is. The index range is minimum 0.00 to maximum 300.00.

    Measured: 2.5 years postoperatively

Secondary outcomes (9)
  1. Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) Score at 1 Year

    MIDAS questionnaire was developed to quantify the effect of headaches on patients' daily functionality in the past 3 months. It consists of five questions related to paid work or school, household work, and leisure time. A total score of 0-5 corresponds to little or no disability, 6-10 points refers to mild disability, 11-20 points mean moderate disability, and more than 21 points represent severe disability (MIDAS total). For MIDAS total, the higher the numeric response, the greater the overall impact of MH. The minimum score is 0.00 and the maximum score is 90.00.

    Measured: 1 year postoperatively

  2. Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) Score at 2 Years

    MIDAS questionnaire was developed to quantify the effect of headaches on patients' daily functionality in the past 3 months. It consists of five questions related to paid work or school, household work, and leisure time. A total score of 0-5 corresponds to little or no disability, 6-10 points refers to mild disability, 11-20 points mean moderate disability, and more than 21 points represent severe disability (MIDAS total). For MIDAS total, the higher the numeric response, the greater the overall impact of MH. The minimum score is 0.00 and the maximum score is 90.00.

    Measured: 2 years postoperatively

  3. Migraine Disability Assessment Test (MIDAS) Score at 2.5 Years

    MIDAS questionnaire was developed to quantify the effect of headaches on patients' daily functionality in the past 3 months. It consists of five questions related to paid work or school, household work, and leisure time. A total score of 0-5 corresponds to little or no disability, 6-10 points refers to mild disability, 11-20 points mean moderate disability, and more than 21 points represent severe disability (MIDAS total). For MIDAS total, the higher the numeric response, the greater the overall impact of MH. The minimum score is 0.00 and the maximum score is 90.00.

    Measured: 2.5 years postoperatively

  4. Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MMWPLQ) Score at 1 Year

    MWPLQ has nine questions that evaluate the impact of migraine and migraine therapy on paid work and productivity loss. Question #7 from the MWPLQ (MWPLQ7) was the most frequently and consistently answered with meaningful responses and did not depend on questions #1-6, 8-9. Therefore, MWPLQ7 was analyzed independently, and the remaining questions were not included in the final analysis. Question #7 assesses the difficulty of 18 work-related activities caused by the most recent MH or migraine headache treatment. Each item in question 7 has the following options: 0 ('no difficulty'), 1 ('a slight amount'), 2 ('some'), 3 ('quite a bit'), 4 ('a great deal'), 5 ('so much difficulty, could not do at all'), and 6 ('does not apply to my work'). To quantify difficulty, a total sum score of these 18 items including only options 0 to 5 is obtained. A higher MWPLQ7 summed score reveals a higher (worse) effect of MH on work and productivity. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 90.00

    Measured: 1 year postoperatively

  5. Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MMWPLQ) Score at 2 Years

    MWPLQ has nine questions that evaluate the impact of migraine and migraine therapy on paid work and productivity loss. Question #7 from the MWPLQ (MWPLQ7) was the most frequently and consistently answered with meaningful responses and did not depend on questions #1-6, 8-9. Therefore, MWPLQ7 was analyzed independently, and the remaining questions were not included in the final analysis. Question #7 assesses the difficulty of 18 work-related activities caused by the most recent MH or migraine headache treatment. Each item in question 7 has the following options: 0 ('no difficulty'), 1 ('a slight amount'), 2 ('some'), 3 ('quite a bit'), 4 ('a great deal'), 5 ('so much difficulty, could not do at all'), and 6 ('does not apply to my work'). To quantify difficulty, a total sum score of these 18 items including only options 0 to 5 is obtained. A higher MWPLQ7 summed score reveals a higher (worse) effect of MH on work and productivity. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 90.00

    Measured: 2 years postoperatively

  6. Migraine Work and Productivity Loss Questionnaire (MMWPLQ) Score at 2.5 Years

    MWPLQ has nine questions that evaluate the impact of migraine and migraine therapy on paid work and productivity loss. Question #7 from the MWPLQ (MWPLQ7) was the most frequently and consistently answered with meaningful responses and did not depend on questions #1-6, 8-9. Therefore, MWPLQ7 was analyzed independently, and the remaining questions were not included in the final analysis. Question #7 assesses the difficulty of 18 work-related activities caused by the most recent MH or migraine headache treatment. Each item in question 7 has the following options: 0 ('no difficulty'), 1 ('a slight amount'), 2 ('some'), 3 ('quite a bit'), 4 ('a great deal'), 5 ('so much difficulty, could not do at all'), and 6 ('does not apply to my work'). To quantify difficulty, a total sum score of these 18 items including only options 0 to 5 is obtained. A higher MWPLQ7 summed score reveals a higher (worse) effect of MH on work and productivity. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 90.00

    Measured: 2.5 years postoperatively

  7. Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) Score at 1 Year

    MSQ is a 14-item questionnaire that evaluates the long-term perceived impact of MH on health-related quality of life over the past 4 weeks. Responses per item include a 6-point scale: 'none of the time,' 'a little bit of the time,' 'some of the time,' 'a good bit of the time,' 'most of the time,' and 'all of the time.' Each option is assigned a score of 1 to 6, respectively. Each domain is scored independently as a sum of items and rescaled from a 0 to 100 scale, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. MSQ survey was analyzed in totality. A higher MSQ sum reflects patient improvement in quality of life. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 270.00.

    Measured: 1 year postoperatively

  8. Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) Score at 2 Years

    MSQ is a 14-item questionnaire that evaluates the long-term perceived impact of MH on health-related quality of life over the past 4 weeks. Responses per item include a 6-point scale: 'none of the time,' 'a little bit of the time,' 'some of the time,' 'a good bit of the time,' 'most of the time,' and 'all of the time.' Each option is assigned a score of 1 to 6, respectively. Each domain is scored independently as a sum of items and rescaled from a 0 to 100 scale, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. MSQ survey was analyzed in totality. A higher MSQ sum reflects patient improvement in quality of life. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 270.00.

    Measured: 2 years postoperatively

  9. Migraine-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MSQ) Score at 2.5 Years

    MSQ is a 14-item questionnaire that evaluates the long-term perceived impact of MH on health-related quality of life over the past 4 weeks. Responses per item include a 6-point scale: 'none of the time,' 'a little bit of the time,' 'some of the time,' 'a good bit of the time,' 'most of the time,' and 'all of the time.' Each option is assigned a score of 1 to 6, respectively. Each domain is scored independently as a sum of items and rescaled from a 0 to 100 scale, with higher scores indicating better quality of life. MSQ survey was analyzed in totality. A higher MSQ sum reflects patient improvement in quality of life. The minimum is 0.00 and the maximum is 270.00.

    Measured: 2.5 years postoperatively

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted30 Jan 2015 (estimated)
  2. Study startSep 2015
  3. Primary completionJun 2022
  4. Study completionJun 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
44 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT02351544
Sponsor's protocol ID
2015H0024
Status last verified
Apr 2024
First submitted
21 Jan 2015
Last updated
22 Apr 2024
Data monitoring committee
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Botulinum Toxin Type A, Surgery and Daily headache diary in people with Migraine Headaches, run by Ohio State University at 6 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Apr 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 6 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 22 Apr 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Migraine Headache Index (MHI) at 1 Year (time frame: 1 year postoperatively). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Apr 2024.

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