Educational ActivitiesNCT02616536
Comparison Between Teaching Methods on Knowledge Gain of Physiotherapy Students
A study testing Teaching methods in people with Educational Activities, run by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman at 1 site in Malaysia.
Trial summary
Procedures: The study will be conducted in two phases: Phase 1 Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire will be developed A validation test will be conducted on the Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire (face, content and construct) before conducting the study. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 50 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Educational Activities
- What is being tested?
- Teaching methods
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 54 participants
- Where
- 1 siteMalaysia
- Study dates
- Nov 2015to Jan 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 50 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- All physiotherapy participants of University Tunku Abdul Rahman
Who cannot join
- Participants who are not UTAR physiotherapy participants
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparison Between Traditional Classroom Teaching Verses Flipped Classroom Teaching on Knowledge Gain of Physiotherapy Students
Procedures:
The study will be conducted in two phases:
Read more
Phase 1
- Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire will be developed
- A validation test will be conducted on the Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire (face, content and construct) before conducting the study. The validation process will involve the participation of lecturers, professors and students by convenience sampling.
Phase 2
- To prevent bias from the researchers, each participant will be given their code as their identification number. Then the participants will be randomly divided into two groups. They will be briefed on the purpose of study (stating that, the investigators would like to see the efficacy of various teaching methods on students' knowledge gain) and procedure of the study (examinations will be conducted, surveys at the end of each class session and at the end of the study). They are requested to fill up basic demographic data, consent form and ILS questionnaire(measuring the learning style of student) before beginning the study.
- In this study, the lecture will be given by the 'Researcher 1' to standardize the input to the participants of the two groups. This will produce a standardized input to the students of the two groups of teaching method.
- For the FC (flipped classroom) group, the length of the pre-recorded lecture videos will be the same which the participants can view it unlimitedly. An assignment will be given for FC group that will be attempted during the discussion class(2 hours) a week after with the lecturer. No grades will be given for the assignment.
- Meanwhile for the TC(traditional classroom) group, a standard lecture class of 1 hour and 1 hour of tutorial class will be conducted on the same topic. The same ungraded assignment will also be given to this group a week after the lecture class to be attempted in the tutorial class
- One day gap will be given following the discussion and tutorial class for FC and TC groups respectively following which an examination of 1 hour duration will be conducted to test on their level of knowledge (assessed by exam score) on the topic being taught for both the groups using the same set of questions.
- At the end of the study, each participant will be given a feedback questionnaire to evaluate their perception and satisfaction on the teaching method applied on them using the 'Perception and Satisfaction Questionnaire'.
Read the detailed description
Study Design:
Effectiveness of flipped classroom compared to traditional lecture classroom among physiotherapy participants - Quasi Experimental Study: This method of study divides a group of participants from respective year and semester into two groups, controlled (traditional lecture) and flipped classroom without their knowledge at the beginning of study. Each batch of participants, ranging from year 1 to year 3 will have two groups of study.
Subjects:
Physiotherapy Students. participants from each intake will be randomly allocated into TC(traditional classroom) and FC(flipped classroom).
Inclusion Criteria:
- All physiotherapy participants of University Tunku Abdul Rahman
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participants who are not UTAR physiotherapy participants
Instruments:
Demographic profile of participants Index Of Learning Styles Questionnaire Perception and satisfaction questionnaire Examinations on post teaching session/experiment
Procedures of study:
Study Settings:
Lecture rooms of University Tunku Abdul Rahman Sg. Long Campus.
Sampling Method and Recruitment of Participants:
The number of participants of physiotherapy will first be obtained from the Faculty General Office (FGO) UTAR. Then the participants selected will be grouped into two groups of traditional classroom (TC) and Flipped classroom (FC). Since it is a single blinded study, the participants will not know which group they belong to.
Procedures:
The study will be conducted in two phases:
Phase 1
- Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire will be developed
- A validation test will be conducted on the Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire (face, content and construct) before conducting the study. The validation process will involve the participation of lecturers, professors and students by convenience sampling.
Phase 2
- To prevent bias from the researchers, each participant will be given their code as their identification number. Then the participants will be randomly divided into two groups. They will be briefed on the purpose of study (stating that, the investigators would like to see the efficacy of various teaching methods on students' knowledge gain) and procedure of the study (examinations will be conducted, surveys at the end of each class session and at the end of the study). They are requested to fill up basic demographic data, consent form and ILS questionnaire(measuring the learning style of student) before beginning the study.
- In this study, the lecture will be given by the 'Researcher 1' to standardize the input to the participants of the two groups. This will produce a standardized input to the students of the two groups of teaching method.
- For the FC (flipped classroom) group, the length of the pre-recorded lecture videos will be the same which the participants can view it unlimitedly. An assignment will be given for FC group that will be attempted during the discussion class(2 hours) a week after with the lecturer. No grades will be given for the assignment.
- Meanwhile for the TC(traditional classroom) group, a standard lecture class of 1 hour and 1 hour of tutorial class will be conducted on the same topic. The same ungraded assignment will also be given to this group a week after the lecture class to be attempted in the tutorial class
- For the assignment given, a case study on the topic taught will be designed.
- One day gap will be given following the discussion and tutorial class for FC and TC groups respectively following which an examination of 1 hour duration will be conducted to test on their level of knowledge (assessed by exam score) on the topic being taught for both the groups using the same set of questions. The examination papers will be coded and will be marked by the content expert.
- At the end of the study, each participant will be given a feedback questionnaire to evaluate their perception and satisfaction on the teaching method applied on them using the 'Perception and Satisfaction Questionnaire'.
- Conditions
- Educational Activities
- Being tested
- Teaching methods
- Keywords
- Flipped classroom, Teaching methods, Knowledge gain
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Teaching methodsOther
the two teaching methods will be given to two groups of students and their knowledge gain will be analysed
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Flipped classroom | Active comparator | The flipped classroom is new pedagogical method, which employs asynchronous video lectures and practice problems as homework and active, group-based problem solving activities in the classroom. Receives: Other: Teaching methods |
| traditional classroom | Active comparator | The classroom lecture is a special form of communication in which voive, gesture. Movements, facial expression and eye contact can either complement or detract from the content. No matter what your topic, your delivery and manner of speaking immeasurably influence your student's' attentiveness and learning. Receives: Other: Teaching methods |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Exam result
A paper based exam will be conducted with objective and subjective questions. It will be a 30 mark paper, 15 mark allotted for lower order thinking (knowledge and comprehension) and 15 marks allotted for higher order thinking of application and analysis. This exam will be able to detect one of the component of knowledge gain of student. Therefore Students' level of knowledge will be assessed by exam score.
Measured: one week
Perception and satisfaction questionnaire
This questionnaire comprise of 24 questions, which will measure the perception and satisfaction level of student. Measuring the perception and satisfaction of student, one will be able to measure one of the component of knowledge gain of student. It will comprise of both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is subdivided into categories (teaching method, time spend in learning, knowledge gain and application, language and communication, satisfaction and motivation) checking all domains of perception and satisfaction. The questionnaire is self developed and is validated before conducting the study.
Measured: one week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Nov 2015 (estimated)
- Study startNov 2015
- Primary completionJan 2016
- Study completionJan 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Educational ActivitiesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Manisha Parai, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
- Investigators
- Manisha Parai, MPT, Principal investigator, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02616536
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UniversitiTAR
- Status last verified
- Jan 2016
- First submitted
- 19 Nov 2015
- Last updated
- 5 Jan 2016
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Jan 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison Between Traditional Classroom Teaching Verses Flipped Classroom Teaching on Knowledge Gain of Physiotherapy Students
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02616536
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UniversitiTAR
- Conditions
- Educational Activities
- Keywords
- Flipped classroom, Teaching methods, Knowledge gain
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 54 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universiti Tunku Abdul RahmanUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Nov 2015
- Primary completion
- Jan 2016 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jan 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Nov 2015 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Procedures:
The study will be conducted in two phases:
Phase 1
- Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire will be developed
- A validation test will be conducted on the Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire (face, content and construct) before conducting the study. The validation process will involve the participation of lecturers, professors and students by convenience sampling.
Phase 2
- To prevent bias from the researchers, each participant will be given their code as their identification number. Then the participants will be randomly divided into two groups. They will be briefed on the purpose of study (stating that, the investigators would like to see the efficacy of various teaching methods on students' knowledge gain) and procedure of the study (examinations will be conducted, surveys at the end of each class session and at the end of the study). They are requested to fill up basic demographic data, consent form and ILS questionnaire(measuring the learning style of student) before beginning the study.
- In this study, the lecture will be given by the 'Researcher 1' to standardize the input to the participants of the two groups. This will produce a standardized input to the students of the two groups of teaching method.
- For the FC (flipped classroom) group, the length of the pre-recorded lecture videos will be the same which the participants can view it unlimitedly. An assignment will be given for FC group that will be attempted during the discussion class(2 hours) a week after with the lecturer. No grades will be given for the assignment.
- Meanwhile for the TC(traditional classroom) group, a standard lecture class of 1 hour and 1 hour of tutorial class will be conducted on the same topic. The same ungraded assignment will also be given to this group a week after the lecture class to be attempted in the tutorial class
- One day gap will be given following the discussion and tutorial class for FC and TC groups respectively following which an examination of 1 hour duration will be conducted to test on their level of knowledge (assessed by exam score) on the topic being taught for both the groups using the same set of questions.
- At the end of the study, each participant will be given a feedback questionnaire to evaluate their perception and satisfaction on the teaching method applied on them using the 'Perception and Satisfaction Questionnaire'.
Detailed description
Study Design:
Effectiveness of flipped classroom compared to traditional lecture classroom among physiotherapy participants - Quasi Experimental Study: This method of study divides a group of participants from respective year and semester into two groups, controlled (traditional lecture) and flipped classroom without their knowledge at the beginning of study. Each batch of participants, ranging from year 1 to year 3 will have two groups of study.
Subjects:
Physiotherapy Students. participants from each intake will be randomly allocated into TC(traditional classroom) and FC(flipped classroom).
Inclusion Criteria:
- All physiotherapy participants of University Tunku Abdul Rahman
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participants who are not UTAR physiotherapy participants
Instruments:
Demographic profile of participants Index Of Learning Styles Questionnaire Perception and satisfaction questionnaire Examinations on post teaching session/experiment
Procedures of study:
Study Settings:
Lecture rooms of University Tunku Abdul Rahman Sg. Long Campus.
Sampling Method and Recruitment of Participants:
The number of participants of physiotherapy will first be obtained from the Faculty General Office (FGO) UTAR. Then the participants selected will be grouped into two groups of traditional classroom (TC) and Flipped classroom (FC). Since it is a single blinded study, the participants will not know which group they belong to.
Procedures:
The study will be conducted in two phases:
Phase 1
- Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire will be developed
- A validation test will be conducted on the Perception and Satisfaction questionnaire (face, content and construct) before conducting the study. The validation process will involve the participation of lecturers, professors and students by convenience sampling.
Phase 2
- To prevent bias from the researchers, each participant will be given their code as their identification number. Then the participants will be randomly divided into two groups. They will be briefed on the purpose of study (stating that, the investigators would like to see the efficacy of various teaching methods on students' knowledge gain) and procedure of the study (examinations will be conducted, surveys at the end of each class session and at the end of the study). They are requested to fill up basic demographic data, consent form and ILS questionnaire(measuring the learning style of student) before beginning the study.
- In this study, the lecture will be given by the 'Researcher 1' to standardize the input to the participants of the two groups. This will produce a standardized input to the students of the two groups of teaching method.
- For the FC (flipped classroom) group, the length of the pre-recorded lecture videos will be the same which the participants can view it unlimitedly. An assignment will be given for FC group that will be attempted during the discussion class(2 hours) a week after with the lecturer. No grades will be given for the assignment.
- Meanwhile for the TC(traditional classroom) group, a standard lecture class of 1 hour and 1 hour of tutorial class will be conducted on the same topic. The same ungraded assignment will also be given to this group a week after the lecture class to be attempted in the tutorial class
- For the assignment given, a case study on the topic taught will be designed.
- One day gap will be given following the discussion and tutorial class for FC and TC groups respectively following which an examination of 1 hour duration will be conducted to test on their level of knowledge (assessed by exam score) on the topic being taught for both the groups using the same set of questions. The examination papers will be coded and will be marked by the content expert.
- At the end of the study, each participant will be given a feedback questionnaire to evaluate their perception and satisfaction on the teaching method applied on them using the 'Perception and Satisfaction Questionnaire'.
Study design
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Flipped classroom | Active comparator | Other: Teaching methodsThe flipped classroom is new pedagogical method, which employs asynchronous video lectures and practice problems as homework and active, group-based problem solving activities in the classroom. |
| traditional classroom | Active comparator | Other: Teaching methodsThe classroom lecture is a special form of communication in which voive, gesture. Movements, facial expression and eye contact can either complement or detract from the content. No matter what your topic, your delivery and manner of speaking immeasurably influence your student's' attentiveness and learning. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 50 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- All physiotherapy participants of University Tunku Abdul Rahman
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Participants who are not UTAR physiotherapy participants
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Teaching methodsthe two teaching methods will be given to two groups of students and their knowledge gain will be analysed | Other | Flipped classroom, traditional classroom |
Primary outcome
Exam result
Time frame: one week
A paper based exam will be conducted with objective and subjective questions. It will be a 30 mark paper, 15 mark allotted for lower order thinking (knowledge and comprehension) and 15 marks allotted for higher order thinking of application and analysis. This exam will be able to detect one of the component of knowledge gain of student. Therefore Students' level of knowledge will be assessed by exam score.
Perception and satisfaction questionnaire
Time frame: one week
This questionnaire comprise of 24 questions, which will measure the perception and satisfaction level of student. Measuring the perception and satisfaction of student, one will be able to measure one of the component of knowledge gain of student. It will comprise of both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is subdivided into categories (teaching method, time spend in learning, knowledge gain and application, language and communication, satisfaction and motivation) checking all domains of perception and satisfaction. The questionnaire is self developed and is validated before conducting the study.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Jan 2016.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Manisha Parai, MPT principal investigator
Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Teaching methods in people with Educational Activities, run by Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman at 1 site in Malaysia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Jan 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Malaysia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Exam result (time frame: one week). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Jan 2016.