StressNCT03645512
Resilience Intervention for Critical Care Nurses
A study testing Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program in people with Stress, run by AdventHealth at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The Corporate Athlete® Resilience (CAR) Training Program is a 1-day training program that uses a holistic approach that focuses on moving between stress and strategic recovery to help build resilience and enable higher performance. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 99 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Stress
- What is being tested?
- Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 108 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 26 Oct 2018to 30 Jun 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 99 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult ≥ 18 years old
- Employed as a critical care nurse at Florida Hospital in an adult ICU, PICU, PCVICU, or Level 3 NICU at the Altamonte, Orlando, or Winter Park campus
- Able to speak, read, and understand English fluently
- Able to provide informed consent
- Meet ≥ 2 stress experience level parameters on the Stress Mindset Measure - General (SMM-G)
- Meet ≤ 4.3 on the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
- Willing to attend a full-day training program at HPI on the designated training date
- Willing and able to comply with all study procedures and requirements for the duration of the study.
Who cannot join
- Meet < 2 stress experience level parameters on the SMM-G
- Meet > 4.3 on the BRS
- Receive a high score of ≥ 27 on the Emotional Exhaustion domain and/or a high score of ≥ 13 on the Depersonalization domain of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Resilience Intervention for Critical Care Nurses
The Corporate Athlete® Resilience (CAR) Training Program is a 1-day training program that uses a holistic approach that focuses on moving between stress and strategic recovery to help build resilience and enable higher performance.
The purpose of this RCT is to determine whether the CAR Training Program has significant impact on nurses' resilience and stress mindset in their personal lives and their working environment. Knowledge from this study can be applied to interventions in the future to improve resilience behavior.
Read the detailed description
The ongoing nursing shortage in the U.S health care system is a multifaceted issue. One factor leading to the nursing shortage is high turnover, particularly among critical care nurses due to their experiences with stressful work environments, ethical dilemmas, and high rates of patient morbidity and mortality. There is also a high prevalence of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among critical care nurses. Consequences of turnover and low nurse staffing include lower quality of care, lower patient satisfaction, increased medical errors, increased rates of health care associated infections, and higher 30-day mortality rates.
Resilience is defined as "the ability to adapt to life's ever-changing landscape and recover quickly from the stressors and potential stressors". It is a learned psychological characteristic that can be used to bounce back after disruption and successfully adapt to stressful work experiences in a positive manner.
- Conditions
- Stress
- Being tested
- Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program
- Keywords
- Resilience, High Performance, Critical Care Nurse
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training ProgramBehavioural
A 1-day training program developed by the J\&J Human Performance Institute (HPI), which uses a holistic approach that focuses on moving between stress and strategic recovery to help build resilience and enable higher performance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | The intervention group will attend in the 1-day Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program in Lake Nona. Receives: Behavioral: Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program |
| Control | No intervention | The control group will attend the 1-day CAR Training Program in Lake Nona after a 3-month wait list period, which will be three months after the intervention group attends the intervention. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Stress Mindset Measure - General (SMM-G)
Participants will respond to an 8-item questionnaire measuring stress. Responses will be provided on the following 5-point scale: 0=Strongly Disagree, 1=Disagree, 2=Neither Agree nor Disagree, 3=Agree, 4=Strongly Agree.
Measured: Change from Baseline SMM-G score at 6-months post CAR Training
Secondary outcomes (9)
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
Participants will respond to a 10-item questionnaire measuring perceived stress. Responses will be provided on the following 5-point scale: 0=Never, 1=Almost Never, 2=Sometimes, 3=Fairly Often, 4=Very Often.
Measured: Change from Baseline PSS score at 6-months post CAR Training
Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
Participants will respond to a 6-item questionnaire measuring resilience. Responses will be provided on the following 5-point scale: 1=Strongly Disagree, 2=Disagree, 3=Neutral, 4=Agree, 5=Strongly Agree.
Measured: Change from Baseline BRS score at 6-months post CAR Training
Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Serices Survey (MBI-HSS) for Medical Personnel (MP)
Participants will respond to a 22-item questionnaire measuring burnout. Responses will be provided on the following 7-point scale: 0=Never, 1=A few times a year or less, 2=Once a month or less, 3=A few times a month, 4=Once a week, 5=A few times a week, 6=Everyday.
Measured: Change from Baseline MBI-HSS (MP) score at 6-months post CAR Training
Public Health Surveillance - Wellbeing Scale (PHS-WB)
Participants will respond to a 10-item questionnaire measuring perception of personal well-being and satisfaction. Responses will be provided on a 5-point scale (6 items) and a 10-point scale (4 items).
Measured: Change from Baseline PHS-WB score at 6-months post CAR Training
RAND Medial Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale Survey
Participants will respond to a 12-item questionnaire with self-reported information related to sleep patterns. Responses will be provided on the following 6-point scale: 1=All of the time, 2=Most of the time, 3=A good bit of the time, 4=Some of the time, 5=A little of the time, 6=None of the time.
Measured: Change from Baseline RAND MOS Sleep Scale Survey score at 6-months post CAR Training
RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
Participants will respond to a 36-item questionnaire with self-reported health ratings and perceived impact of one's health on a variety of daily activities. Response options for questionnaire items vary from 3-point scale, 5-point scale, and Yes/No responses.
Measured: Change from Baseline RAND SF-36 score at 6-months post CAR Training
Absenteeism & Presenteeism questions of the World Health Organization's Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO-HPQ)
Participants will respond to 11 absenteeism and presenteeism questions abstracted from the full HPQ. Responses for 2 items require self-reported information regarding hours worked and hours the employer expects the participant to work in 7 days. 6 items require participants to provide work experience information from the past 4 weeks. Responses for 3 items are provided on a 10-point scale in which 0=Worst Performance, and 10=Top Performance. Responses are input into a provided formula for scoring; a higher absenteeism score indicates higher amount of absenteeism, while a higher presenteeism score indicates lower amount of lost performance.
Measured: Change from Baseline WHO-HPQ score at 6-months post CAR Training
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI)
Participants will respond to a 6-item questionnaire, answering questions about the perceived effect of personal health problems on one's ability to work or perform activities. Responses are provided in a Yes/No format or using a 10-point scale in which 0=Health problems had no effect on my work and 10=Health problems completely prevented me from working.
Measured: Change from Baseline WPAI score at 6-months post CAR Training
Energy Management Behaviors Questionnaire (EMB)
Participants will respond to a 21-item questionnaire, providing a self-reported level of engagement in various activities. Responses are provided using the following 7-point scale: 1=Never, 2=Almost never, 3=Seldom, 4=Sometimes, 5=Usually, 6=Very Often, 7=Always.
Measured: Change from Baseline EMB score at 6-months post CAR Training
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Aug 2018
- Study start26 Oct 2018
- Primary completion30 Jun 2019
- Study completion30 Jun 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for StressStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- AdventHealth
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Johnson & Johnson
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Amanda T Sawyer, PhD, Principal investigator, AdventHealth
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03645512
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1234568
- Status last verified
- Feb 2020
- First submitted
- 21 Aug 2018
- Last updated
- 19 Feb 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Acker KH. Do critical care nurses face burnout, PTSD, or is it something else?: getting help for the helpers. AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1993 Aug;4(3):558-65.
PubMed 8136229Bann CM, Kobau R, Lewis MA, Zack MM, Luncheon C, Thompson WW. Development and psychometric evaluation of the public health surveillance well-being scale. Qual Life Res. 2012 Aug;21(6):1031-43. doi: 10.1007/s11136-011-0002-9. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
PubMed 21947657Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Apr. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2651/
PubMed 21328752Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
PubMed 6668417Crum AJ, Salovey P, Achor S. Rethinking stress: the role of mindsets in determining the stress response. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013 Apr;104(4):716-33. doi: 10.1037/a0031201. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
PubMed 23437923Johnson & Johnson Health & Wellness Solutions Research Team. 2017. Validation and Analysis of Johnson & Johnson Human Performance Institute™ (HPI) Assessment Inventory. Unpublished manuscript.
Kessler RC, Barber C, Beck A, Berglund P, Cleary PD, McKenas D, Pronk N, Simon G, Stang P, Ustun TB, Wang P. The World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ). J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Feb;45(2):156-74. doi: 10.1097/01.jom.0000052967.43131.51.
PubMed 12625231Maslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory manual (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
Mealer ML, Shelton A, Berg B, Rothbaum B, Moss M. Increased prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in critical care nurses. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Apr 1;175(7):693-7. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200606-735OC. Epub 2006 Dec 21.
PubMed 17185650Mealer M, Burnham EL, Goode CJ, Rothbaum B, Moss M. The prevalence and impact of post traumatic stress disorder and burnout syndrome in nurses. Depress Anxiety. 2009;26(12):1118-26. doi: 10.1002/da.20631.
PubMed 19918928Mealer M, Conrad D, Evans J, Jooste K, Solyntjes J, Rothbaum B, Moss M. Feasibility and acceptability of a resilience training program for intensive care unit nurses. Am J Crit Care. 2014 Nov;23(6):e97-105. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2014747.
PubMed 25362680Mealer M, Jones J, Newman J, McFann KK, Rothbaum B, Moss M. The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: results of a national survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012 Mar;49(3):292-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.09.015. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
PubMed 21974793Pipe TB, Buchda VL, Launder S, Hudak B, Hulvey L, Karns KE, Pendergast D. Building personal and professional resources of resilience and agility in the healthcare workplace. Stress Health. 2012 Feb;28(1):11-22. doi: 10.1002/smi.1396. Epub 2011 Mar 13.
PubMed 22259154RAND Corporation. (2018). Sleep Scale Survey. Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/health/surveys_tools/mos/sleep-scale.html.
RAND Corporation. (2018). 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/health/surveys_tools/mos/36-item-short-form.html.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Feb 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Resilience Intervention for Critical Care Nurses
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03645512
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1234568
- Conditions
- Stress
- Keywords
- Resilience, High Performance, Critical Care Nurse
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 108 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- AdventHealthUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Johnson & Johnson
- Study start
- 26 Oct 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The Corporate Athlete® Resilience (CAR) Training Program is a 1-day training program that uses a holistic approach that focuses on moving between stress and strategic recovery to help build resilience and enable higher performance.
The purpose of this RCT is to determine whether the CAR Training Program has significant impact on nurses' resilience and stress mindset in their personal lives and their working environment. Knowledge from this study can be applied to interventions in the future to improve resilience behavior.
Detailed description
The ongoing nursing shortage in the U.S health care system is a multifaceted issue. One factor leading to the nursing shortage is high turnover, particularly among critical care nurses due to their experiences with stressful work environments, ethical dilemmas, and high rates of patient morbidity and mortality. There is also a high prevalence of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) among critical care nurses. Consequences of turnover and low nurse staffing include lower quality of care, lower patient satisfaction, increased medical errors, increased rates of health care associated infections, and higher 30-day mortality rates.
Resilience is defined as "the ability to adapt to life's ever-changing landscape and recover quickly from the stressors and potential stressors". It is a learned psychological characteristic that can be used to bounce back after disruption and successfully adapt to stressful work experiences in a positive manner.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Behavioral: Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training ProgramThe intervention group will attend in the 1-day Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program in Lake Nona. |
| Control | No intervention | –The control group will attend the 1-day CAR Training Program in Lake Nona after a 3-month wait list period, which will be three months after the intervention group attends the intervention. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 99 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Adult ≥ 18 years old
- Employed as a critical care nurse at Florida Hospital in an adult ICU, PICU, PCVICU, or Level 3 NICU at the Altamonte, Orlando, or Winter Park campus
- Able to speak, read, and understand English fluently
- Able to provide informed consent
- Meet ≥ 2 stress experience level parameters on the Stress Mindset Measure - General (SMM-G)
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Meet < 2 stress experience level parameters on the SMM-G
- Meet > 4.3 on the BRS
- Receive a high score of ≥ 27 on the Emotional Exhaustion domain and/or a high score of ≥ 13 on the Depersonalization domain of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training ProgramA 1-day training program developed by the J\&J Human Performance Institute (HPI), which uses a holistic approach that focuses on moving between stress and strategic recovery to help build resilience and enable higher performance. | Behavioural | Intervention |
Primary outcome
Stress Mindset Measure - General (SMM-G)
Time frame: Change from Baseline SMM-G score at 6-months post CAR Training
Participants will respond to an 8-item questionnaire measuring stress. Responses will be provided on the following 5-point scale: 0=Strongly Disagree, 1=Disagree, 2=Neither Agree nor Disagree, 3=Agree, 4=Strongly Agree.
9 secondary outcomes
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)
Time frame: Change from Baseline PSS score at 6-months post CAR Training
Brief Resilience Scale (BRS)
Time frame: Change from Baseline BRS score at 6-months post CAR Training
Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Serices Survey (MBI-HSS) for Medical Personnel (MP)
Time frame: Change from Baseline MBI-HSS (MP) score at 6-months post CAR Training
Public Health Surveillance - Wellbeing Scale (PHS-WB)
Time frame: Change from Baseline PHS-WB score at 6-months post CAR Training
RAND Medial Outcomes Study (MOS) Sleep Scale Survey
Time frame: Change from Baseline RAND MOS Sleep Scale Survey score at 6-months post CAR Training
RAND 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36)
Time frame: Change from Baseline RAND SF-36 score at 6-months post CAR Training
Absenteeism & Presenteeism questions of the World Health Organization's Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (WHO-HPQ)
Time frame: Change from Baseline WHO-HPQ score at 6-months post CAR Training
Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI)
Time frame: Change from Baseline WPAI score at 6-months post CAR Training
Energy Management Behaviors Questionnaire (EMB)
Time frame: Change from Baseline EMB score at 6-months post CAR Training
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Feb 2020.
- Background: PubMed 8136229Acker KH. Do critical care nurses face burnout, PTSD, or is it something else?: getting help for the helpers. AACN Clin Issues Crit Care Nurs. 1993 Aug;4(3):558-65.
- Background: PubMed 21947657Bann CM, Kobau R, Lewis MA, Zack MM, Luncheon C, Thompson WW. Development and psychometric evaluation of the public health surveillance well-being scale. Qual Life Res. 2012 Aug;21(6):1031-43. doi: 10.1007/s11136-011-0002-9. Epub 2011 Sep 23.
- Background: PubMed 21328752Hughes RG, editor. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Rockville (MD): Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2008 Apr. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2651/
- Background: PubMed 6668417Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983 Dec;24(4):385-96. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 23437923Crum AJ, Salovey P, Achor S. Rethinking stress: the role of mindsets in determining the stress response. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2013 Apr;104(4):716-33. doi: 10.1037/a0031201. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
- BackgroundJohnson & Johnson Health & Wellness Solutions Research Team. 2017. Validation and Analysis of Johnson & Johnson Human Performance Institute™ (HPI) Assessment Inventory. Unpublished manuscript.
- Background: PubMed 12625231Kessler RC, Barber C, Beck A, Berglund P, Cleary PD, McKenas D, Pronk N, Simon G, Stang P, Ustun TB, Wang P. The World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire (HPQ). J Occup Environ Med. 2003 Feb;45(2):156-74. doi: 10.1097/01.jom.0000052967.43131.51.
- BackgroundMaslach, C., Jackson, S. E., & Leiter, M. P. (1996). Maslach Burnout Inventory manual (3rd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
- Background: PubMed 17185650Mealer ML, Shelton A, Berg B, Rothbaum B, Moss M. Increased prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in critical care nurses. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007 Apr 1;175(7):693-7. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200606-735OC. Epub 2006 Dec 21.
- Background: PubMed 19918928Mealer M, Burnham EL, Goode CJ, Rothbaum B, Moss M. The prevalence and impact of post traumatic stress disorder and burnout syndrome in nurses. Depress Anxiety. 2009;26(12):1118-26. doi: 10.1002/da.20631.
- Background: PubMed 25362680Mealer M, Conrad D, Evans J, Jooste K, Solyntjes J, Rothbaum B, Moss M. Feasibility and acceptability of a resilience training program for intensive care unit nurses. Am J Crit Care. 2014 Nov;23(6):e97-105. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2014747.
- Background: PubMed 21974793Mealer M, Jones J, Newman J, McFann KK, Rothbaum B, Moss M. The presence of resilience is associated with a healthier psychological profile in intensive care unit (ICU) nurses: results of a national survey. Int J Nurs Stud. 2012 Mar;49(3):292-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.09.015. Epub 2011 Oct 5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Amanda T Sawyer, PhD principal investigator
AdventHealth
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Corporate Athlete Resilience (CAR) Training Program in people with Stress, run by AdventHealth at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 8 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Feb 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Stress Mindset Measure - General (SMM-G) (time frame: Change from Baseline SMM-G score at 6-months post CAR Training). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03645512, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Feb 2020.