BreastfeedingNCT04084275
The Effect of Care Given Using Levine's Conservation Model on Postpartum Quality of Life in Primiparas
A study testing breastfeeding education, personal hygiene education and nutrition education in people with Breastfeeding and Quality of Life, run by Erzincan University.
Trial summary
Background: Postpartum period is a physiologically, emotionally and socially critical period for the woman who gave birth and also for their family. In order for women to go through their postpartum period without any problems, be able to perform self-care and have an unaffected quality of life, they need qualified… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Breastfeeding, Quality of Life, Nursing Caries
- What is being tested?
- breastfeeding education, personal hygiene education and nutrition education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 117 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jul 2016to Jun 2017
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
None listed.
Who cannot join
- those who do not meet the eligibility criteria
About this study
Background: Postpartum period is a physiologically, emotionally and socially critical period for the woman who gave birth and also for their family. In order for women to go through their postpartum period without any problems, be able to perform self-care and have an unaffected quality of life, they need qualified, comprehensive and integrative nursing care.
Aim and objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of care given using Levine's conservation model on postpartum quality of life in primiparae.
Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Levine's conservation model was used as the theoretical framework for this study. A literature review was used to determine the contents of the intervention program. The program consisted of 8 sessions. The puerpera were given trainings on different subjects based on the module during each session. For these trainings, the researcher prepared, in the light of the literature data, leaflets containing information about breastfeeding, personal hygiene, fatigue, nutrition and pilates exercises. The puerpera in the control group received only the standard nursing care given after birth. Standard nursing care contain solely breastfeeding training.
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding, Quality of Life, Nursing Caries, Postpartum, Nursing Model, Levine Conservation Model
- Being tested
- breastfeeding education, personal hygiene education, nutrition education, fatigue education, sleep education
- Keywords
- nursing care, Levine's conservation model, postpartum care, postpartum quality of life, postpartum problems
- Medical subject headings
- Breast Feeding
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
breastfeeding educationBehavioural
personal hygiene educationBehavioural
In this training, the puerpera was informed about personal hygiene to prevent infection.
nutrition educationBehavioural
In this training, the amount of nutrients that breastfeeding women should take daily was explained.
fatigue educationBehavioural
In this training, suggestions were made to prevent the negative effects of fatigue
sleep educationBehavioural
In this training, suggestions were offered the puerperants for better sleep. Strategies to improve sleep quality were explained.
pilates exercises educationBehavioural
In this study, pilates exercises exclusively for postpartum women were selected from two reference books, Fitness Professional's Handbook and Guide Women's and Fitness Health, which include 13 movements: Bridging, Hundred, Roll Up, One Leg Circle (both ways), Rocker with close legs,Single Straight Leg Stretch, Double Leg Stretch, Spine Stretch Forward, Single Leg Kick, Side Kick up and down, Side Kick circles, Rest position (stretch and relaxation) and Curling. The trainings were provided by the investigator during home visits to the puerpera in the intervention group and the pilates exercises by the investigator who was also a pilates trainer. An appropriate setting was prepared at the homes of puerpera so that they could do the pilates exercises easily.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | Levine's conservation model was used as the theoretical framework for this study. A literature review was used to determine the contents of the intervention program. A nursing care program which consisted of 8 sessions, the first of which was at the hospital and the others at the homes of puerpera and which were held at different times and lasted 12 weeks in total, based on Levine's Conservation Model was provided to the women in the intervention group. Each session lasted approximately 60-120 minutes, according to the educational and practical contents.The puerpera were given trainings on different subjects based on the module during each session. For these trainings, the investigators prepared, in the light of the literature data, leaflets containing information about breastfeeding, personal hygiene, fatigue, nutrition and pilates exercises Receives: Behavioral: breastfeeding education; Behavioral: personal hygiene education; Behavioral: nutrition education; Behavioral: fatigue education; Behavioral: sleep education; Behavioral: pilates exercises education |
| control group | No intervention | The puerpera in the control group received only the standard nursing care given after birth. Standard nursing care contain solely breastfeeding training. The puerpera in the control group were visited before they were discharged from the hospital to obtain their contact information and to administer them the pretest. A home visit at the end of postpartum month 3 was also planned and they were administered the posttest. After collecting the posttest data, the trainings given to the women in the intervention group on nutrition, sleep, fatigue and pilates exercises were also given to the women in the control group in consideration of the ethical dimension of the study; they were actively trained on pilates exercises by the investigator and the relevant leaflets were given to them by the end of their trainings. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Quality of life assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref)
It is a multi-dimensional measurement tool designed by the World Health Organization to assess quality of life of individuals. The short form of the scale contains four domains and another domain where overall quality of life is evaluated. The domains are physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment and general health. Each item in the scale is scored as a 5-point rating. Each domain assesses quality of life within itself independent of the others. Higher scores obtained in this scale indicate better quality of life. A study concluded that the short form of the scale was a valid and reliable instrument for the postpartum period. The validity and reliability study of the scale was performed in 1999 to be able to use it in Turkey and the Cronbach's α reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.76 (Eser et al. 1999)
Measured: 3 months
Fatigue assessed by Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue
Developed by Lee et al. in 1991, the scale is used to measure the level of fatigue in healthy and ill individuals. Consisting of 18 items in total, the scale has 13 items to measure the level of fatigue and 5 items to measure the level of energy. There is a 10-cm horizontal line for each item of the scale with positive expressions on one end and negative on the other. Those who complete the scale are asked to mark the point which reflects best the feeling they had when they read the statement in the scale. Afterwards, the points of intersection at the places marked are measured with a ruler one by one for each question and evaluated objectively. Higher scores obtained from the fatigue items and lower scores obtained from the energy items indicate higher severity of fatigue. The validity and reliability study of the scale in Turkey and the Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficient of was found to be 0.90 (Yurtsever and Bedük, 2003).
Measured: 3 months
Sleep quality assessed by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index
Developed by Buysse and associates (1989), the index shows the sleep quality of an individual over the last month as stated by them. There are 19 questions in the index relating to sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication and daytime dysfunction. Each question in the index is scored from 0 to 3. Zero shows having no trouble and 3 having serious trouble sleeping. Higher total scores indicate poorer sleep quality. The validity and reliability study of the index was performed in 1996 to be able to use it in Turkey and the Cronbach's α reliability coefficient of the index was found to be 0.80 (Ağargün et al.1996).
Measured: 3 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Sep 2019
- Study startJul 2016
- Primary completionMar 2017
- Study completionJun 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for BreastfeedingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized controlled clinical trial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 117 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Erzincan University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Şadiye Özcan, Erzincan University
- Investigators
- ŞADİYE ÖZCAN, Doctor, Principal investigator, Erzincan university faculty of health sciences
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04084275
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 22
- Status last verified
- Sep 2019
- First submitted
- 5 Sep 2019
- Last updated
- 10 Sep 2019
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Publications
Falciglia G, Piazza J, Ritcher E, Reinerman C, Lee SY. Nutrition education for postpartum women: a pilot study. J Prim Care Community Health. 2014 Oct;5(4):275-8. doi: 10.1177/2150131914528515. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
PubMed 24695771Fleming KM, Herring MP. The effects of pilates on mental health outcomes: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Apr;37:80-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.02.003. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
PubMed 29609943Gholami Z, Mohammadirizi S, Bahadoran P. Study of the Impact of Educational Behavioral Interventions on Fatigue in Mothers in the Postpartum Period in the Groups of Face-to-Face and Electronic Training. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2017 Nov-Dec;22(6):465-470. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_223_15.
PubMed 29184586Hammoudeh W, Mataria A, Wick L, Giacaman R. In search of health: quality of life among postpartum Palestinian women. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2009 Apr;9(2):123-32. doi: 10.1586/erp.09.8.
PubMed 19402799Huang K, Tao F, Liu L, Wu X. Does delivery mode affect women's postpartum quality of life in rural China? J Clin Nurs. 2012 Jun;21(11-12):1534-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03941.x. Epub 2011 Oct 25.
PubMed 22023714Irwin JL, Beeghly M, Rosenblum KL, Muzik M. Positive predictors of quality of life for postpartum mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016 Dec;19(6):1041-1050. doi: 10.1007/s00737-016-0653-1. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
PubMed 27518635Ko YL, Yang CL, Fang CL, Lee MY, Lin PC. Community-based postpartum exercise program. J Clin Nurs. 2013 Aug;22(15-16):2122-31. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12117. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
PubMed 23398359Phang KN, Koh SS, Chen HC. Postpartum social support of women in Singapore: A pilot study. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015 May;21 Suppl 2:99-107. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12340.
PubMed 26125577Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
PubMed 2748771Lee KA, Hicks G, Nino-Murcia G. Validity and reliability of a scale to assess fatigue. Psychiatry Res. 1991 Mar;36(3):291-8. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(91)90027-m.
PubMed 2062970Postpartum care of the mother and newborn: a practical guide. Technical Working Group, World Health Organization. Birth. 1999 Dec;26(4):255-8.
PubMed 10655832Webster J, Nicholas C, Velacott C, Cridland N, Fawcett L. Validation of the WHOQOL-BREF among women following childbirth. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Apr;50(2):132-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01131.x.
PubMed 20522068Yonemoto N, Nagai S, Mori R. Schedules for home visits in the early postpartum period. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2021 Jul 21;7(7):CD009326. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009326.pub4.
PubMed 34286512
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 10 Sep 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of Care Given Using Levine's Conservation Model on Postpartum Quality of Life in Primiparas
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04084275
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 22
- Conditions
- Breastfeeding, Quality of Life, Nursing Caries, Postpartum, Nursing Model, Levine Conservation Model
- Keywords
- nursing care, Levine's conservation model, postpartum care, postpartum quality of life, postpartum problems
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 117 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Erzincan UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Mar 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- Jun 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Background: Postpartum period is a physiologically, emotionally and socially critical period for the woman who gave birth and also for their family. In order for women to go through their postpartum period without any problems, be able to perform self-care and have an unaffected quality of life, they need qualified, comprehensive and integrative nursing care.
Aim and objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of care given using Levine's conservation model on postpartum quality of life in primiparae.
Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: Levine's conservation model was used as the theoretical framework for this study. A literature review was used to determine the contents of the intervention program. The program consisted of 8 sessions. The puerpera were given trainings on different subjects based on the module during each session. For these trainings, the researcher prepared, in the light of the literature data, leaflets containing information about breastfeeding, personal hygiene, fatigue, nutrition and pilates exercises. The puerpera in the control group received only the standard nursing care given after birth. Standard nursing care contain solely breastfeeding training.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized controlled clinical trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| experimental group | Experimental | Behavioral: breastfeeding education, Behavioral: personal hygiene education, Behavioral: nutrition education, Behavioral: fatigue education, Behavioral: sleep education, Behavioral: pilates exercises educationLevine's conservation model was used as the theoretical framework for this study. A literature review was used to determine the contents of the intervention program. A nursing care program which consisted of 8 sessions, the first of which was at the hospital and the others at the homes of puerpera and which were held at different times and lasted 12 weeks in total, based on Levine's Conservation Model was provided to the women in the intervention group. Each session lasted approximately 60-120 minutes, according to the educational and practical contents.The puerpera were given trainings on different subjects based on the module during each session. For these trainings, the investigators prepared, in the light of the literature data, leaflets containing information about breastfeeding, personal hygiene, fatigue, nutrition and pilates exercises |
| control group | No intervention | –The puerpera in the control group received only the standard nursing care given after birth. Standard nursing care contain solely breastfeeding training. The puerpera in the control group were visited before they were discharged from the hospital to obtain their contact information and to administer them the pretest. A home visit at the end of postpartum month 3 was also planned and they were administered the posttest. After collecting the posttest data, the trainings given to the women in the intervention group on nutrition, sleep, fatigue and pilates exercises were also given to the women in the control group in consideration of the ethical dimension of the study; they were actively trained on pilates exercises by the investigator and the relevant leaflets were given to them by the end of their trainings. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (0 listed)
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- those who do not meet the eligibility criteria
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| breastfeeding education | Behavioural | experimental group |
| personal hygiene educationIn this training, the puerpera was informed about personal hygiene to prevent infection. | Behavioural | experimental group |
| nutrition educationIn this training, the amount of nutrients that breastfeeding women should take daily was explained. | Behavioural | experimental group |
| fatigue educationIn this training, suggestions were made to prevent the negative effects of fatigue | Behavioural | experimental group |
| sleep educationIn this training, suggestions were offered the puerperants for better sleep. Strategies to improve sleep quality were explained. | Behavioural | experimental group |
| pilates exercises educationIn this study, pilates exercises exclusively for postpartum women were selected from two reference books, Fitness Professional's Handbook and Guide Women's and Fitness Health, which include 13 movements: Bridging, Hundred, Roll Up, One Leg Circle (both ways), Rocker with close legs,Single Straight Leg Stretch, Double Leg Stretch, Spine Stretch Forward, Single Leg Kick, Side Kick up and down, Side Kick circles, Rest position (stretch and relaxation) and Curling. The trainings were provided by the investigator during home visits to the puerpera in the intervention group and the pilates exercises by the investigator who was also a pilates trainer. An appropriate setting was prepared at the homes of puerpera so that they could do the pilates exercises easily. | Behavioural | experimental group |
Primary outcome
Quality of life assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref)
Time frame: 3 months
It is a multi-dimensional measurement tool designed by the World Health Organization to assess quality of life of individuals. The short form of the scale contains four domains and another domain where overall quality of life is evaluated. The domains are physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environment and general health. Each item in the scale is scored as a 5-point rating. Each domain assesses quality of life within itself independent of the others. Higher scores obtained in this scale indicate better quality of life. A study concluded that the short form of the scale was a valid and reliable instrument for the postpartum period. The validity and reliability study of the scale was performed in 1999 to be able to use it in Turkey and the Cronbach's α reliability coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.76 (Eser et al. 1999)
Fatigue assessed by Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue
Time frame: 3 months
Developed by Lee et al. in 1991, the scale is used to measure the level of fatigue in healthy and ill individuals. Consisting of 18 items in total, the scale has 13 items to measure the level of fatigue and 5 items to measure the level of energy. There is a 10-cm horizontal line for each item of the scale with positive expressions on one end and negative on the other. Those who complete the scale are asked to mark the point which reflects best the feeling they had when they read the statement in the scale. Afterwards, the points of intersection at the places marked are measured with a ruler one by one for each question and evaluated objectively. Higher scores obtained from the fatigue items and lower scores obtained from the energy items indicate higher severity of fatigue. The validity and reliability study of the scale in Turkey and the Cronbach's α internal consistency coefficient of was found to be 0.90 (Yurtsever and Bedük, 2003).
Sleep quality assessed by Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index
Time frame: 3 months
Developed by Buysse and associates (1989), the index shows the sleep quality of an individual over the last month as stated by them. There are 19 questions in the index relating to sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medication and daytime dysfunction. Each question in the index is scored from 0 to 3. Zero shows having no trouble and 3 having serious trouble sleeping. Higher total scores indicate poorer sleep quality. The validity and reliability study of the index was performed in 1996 to be able to use it in Turkey and the Cronbach's α reliability coefficient of the index was found to be 0.80 (Ağargün et al.1996).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 10 Sep 2019.
- Background: PubMed 24695771Falciglia G, Piazza J, Ritcher E, Reinerman C, Lee SY. Nutrition education for postpartum women: a pilot study. J Prim Care Community Health. 2014 Oct;5(4):275-8. doi: 10.1177/2150131914528515. Epub 2014 Apr 1.
- Background: PubMed 29609943Fleming KM, Herring MP. The effects of pilates on mental health outcomes: A meta-analysis of controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Apr;37:80-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.02.003. Epub 2018 Feb 13.
- Background: PubMed 29184586Gholami Z, Mohammadirizi S, Bahadoran P. Study of the Impact of Educational Behavioral Interventions on Fatigue in Mothers in the Postpartum Period in the Groups of Face-to-Face and Electronic Training. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2017 Nov-Dec;22(6):465-470. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_223_15.
- Background: PubMed 19402799Hammoudeh W, Mataria A, Wick L, Giacaman R. In search of health: quality of life among postpartum Palestinian women. Expert Rev Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res. 2009 Apr;9(2):123-32. doi: 10.1586/erp.09.8.
- Background: PubMed 22023714Huang K, Tao F, Liu L, Wu X. Does delivery mode affect women's postpartum quality of life in rural China? J Clin Nurs. 2012 Jun;21(11-12):1534-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03941.x. Epub 2011 Oct 25.
- Background: PubMed 27518635Irwin JL, Beeghly M, Rosenblum KL, Muzik M. Positive predictors of quality of life for postpartum mothers with a history of childhood maltreatment. Arch Womens Ment Health. 2016 Dec;19(6):1041-1050. doi: 10.1007/s00737-016-0653-1. Epub 2016 Aug 12.
- Background: PubMed 23398359Ko YL, Yang CL, Fang CL, Lee MY, Lin PC. Community-based postpartum exercise program. J Clin Nurs. 2013 Aug;22(15-16):2122-31. doi: 10.1111/jocn.12117. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
- Background: PubMed 26125577Phang KN, Koh SS, Chen HC. Postpartum social support of women in Singapore: A pilot study. Int J Nurs Pract. 2015 May;21 Suppl 2:99-107. doi: 10.1111/ijn.12340.
- Background: PubMed 2748771Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF 3rd, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res. 1989 May;28(2):193-213. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4.
- Background: PubMed 2062970Lee KA, Hicks G, Nino-Murcia G. Validity and reliability of a scale to assess fatigue. Psychiatry Res. 1991 Mar;36(3):291-8. doi: 10.1016/0165-1781(91)90027-m.
- Background: PubMed 10655832Postpartum care of the mother and newborn: a practical guide. Technical Working Group, World Health Organization. Birth. 1999 Dec;26(4):255-8.
- Background: PubMed 20522068Webster J, Nicholas C, Velacott C, Cridland N, Fawcett L. Validation of the WHOQOL-BREF among women following childbirth. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Apr;50(2):132-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01131.x.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
ŞADİYE ÖZCAN, Doctor principal investigator
Erzincan university faculty of health sciences
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing breastfeeding education, personal hygiene education and nutrition education in people with Breastfeeding and Quality of Life, run by Erzincan University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 0 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 10 Sep 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Quality of life assessed by World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) (time frame: 3 months). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04084275, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 10 Sep 2019.