Muscle TightnessNCT04967898
Effect of Manual Technique on Hamstring Flexibility
A study testing bowen technique and sustained stretching in people with Muscle Tightness, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
This study will be a randomized clinical trial. the study will be conducted in Mubarak Hospital Sargodha. a sample size of 44 subjects will be taken. subjects will be divided into two groups using the lottery method. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 25 to 40 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Muscle Tightness
- What is being tested?
- bowen technique and sustained stretching
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 44 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 10 Jan 2021to 10 Aug 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 25 to 40 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- age 25-40 years
- asymptomatic subjects
- both hamstring tightness
- only females
Who cannot join
- females with past history of hamstring tightness
- previous surgery
- pathology
- female with back pain and spinal deformity
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Bowen Technique and Sustain Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in Asymptomatic Females
This study will be a randomized clinical trial. the study will be conducted in Mubarak Hospital Sargodha. a sample size of 44 subjects will be taken. subjects will be divided into two groups using the lottery method. group 1 will be treated with Bowen technique along with heating pad and group 2 will be treated with sustained stretching technique along with heating pads thrice a week for 3 weeks. subjects will come after 1 month for follow up. the follow-up will show which technique is more effective in improving hamstring flexibility and range in healthy females. the outcome measures active knee extension test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. data were analyzed using spss 26.
Read the detailed description
hamstring muscles are responsible for hip and knee movement during walking, running, squatting, bending knees, and pelvis tilting. hamstring muscles function is to perform flexion at knee and hip extension. hamstring tightness is more common in females than males. once the hamstring were tightened ,incidence of low back pain rose to 15%.
hamstring shortening occurred due to maintain same posture for prolong period of time, fatigue, sedentary life style, and poor body mechanics. hamstring tightness can disturb the biomechanics of low back and pelvis in each adolescents and adult. most of the individuals with hamstring tightness were asymptomatic. Throughout daily activities, nerves that innervate the hamstring muscle is exposed to constant pressure throughout sitting, standing can cause hamstring tightness.. Nerve adhesions inside the hamstring may alter neurodynamic inflicting abnormal machan-o-sensitivity of the nerve that will influence hamstring flexibility. This machan-o-sensitivity of the neural tissue could limit hamstring length in traditional healthy people. Shortened hamstrings amendment the curvature of the spine inflicting larger compression masses within the mesial curvatures and increase in intradiscal pressure and also the incidence of larger shear forces, thereby predisposing people to spinal issues various techniques were used to treat hamstring tightness. this study we compare the effects of Bowen technique and sustained stretching on hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic females.
group 1 will be treated with Bowen technique .this is a soft tissue mobilization technique This medical care involves short mild rolling moves over the muscles, nerve, ligaments and tendons of flesh utilizing the hands, fingers and thumb. Sequence of receiving bilateral rolling moves over segments of the erector spinae from the lumber toward cervical spine, latissimus dorsi, the gluteal, the hamstring muscles proximally and distally, tensor facia Lata and a medial hip striated muscle move. Treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. and treatment session will be 20minutes for each leg.
group 2 will be treated with sustained stretching technique. Sustained stretching is most common and safest technique used for hamstring tightness. This sort of stretch is applied slowly and bit by bit at a comparatively constant force to avoid eliciting a inborn reflex. The resultant increase in muscle length is said to elastic behavior. Static stretch of thirty seconds at a frequency of 3 continual stretches per single session is ample to extend muscle length. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. Treatment session will be 30 seconds for each leg. both groups will come after 1 month for follow up. Outcome measure active knee test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range in asymptomatic females at baseline, post-treatment and follow up. the goal of this study is to improve hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic females.
active knee extension test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range in subjects. these both tests have very high reliability and validity. There is a lack of evidence demonstrating the effects of Bowen technique and sustained stretching on hamstring flexibility. the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of both techniques to assess which technique has more clinical impact than other.
- Conditions
- Muscle Tightness
- Being tested
- bowen technique, sustained stretching
- Keywords
- sit and reach test, Bowen technique
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
bowen techniqueOther
Bowen technique is a soft tissue mobilization technique. This medical care involves short mild rolling moves over the muscles, nerves, ligaments, and tendons of flesh utilizing the hands, fingers and thumb. Sequence of receiving bilateral rolling moves over segments of the erector spinae from the lumber toward cervical spine, latissimus dorsi, the gluteal, the hamstring muscles proximally and distally, tensor facia Lata and a medial hip striated muscle move.
sustained stretchingOther
static stretching is one of the most common and safest technique used for hamstring tightness. A static stretch is performed by inserting muscles at their greatest attainable length and holding that position for an amount of your time.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| bowen technique | Experimental | group 1 will be treated with the Bowen technique and heating pad. this technique will be given to asymptomatic females. 22 subjects will be taken this treatment. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. the subjects will come after 1 month for follow-up. Receives: Other: bowen technique |
| sustained stretching | Active comparator | group 1 will be treated with the sustained stretching technique and heating pad. this technique will be given to asymptomatic females. 22 subjects will be taken this treatment. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. the subjects will come after 1 month for follow-up Receives: Other: sustained stretching |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
active knee extension test
Active Knee Extension test (AKE) or Popliteal angle test or 90/90 test: This test was found as gold standard test for estimating hamstring flexibility. This test is used to assess the hamstring muscle length and range of active knee extension with hip in flexed position.
Measured: 3 weeks
sit and reach test
Sit and reach test is a common measure of flexibility. This test help to measure the extensibility of hamstring and lower back.
super > +27 > +10.5 > +30 > +11.5 excellent +17 to +27 +6.5 to +10.5 +21 to +30 +8.0 to +11.5 good +6 to +16 +2.5 to +6.0 +11 to +20 +4.5 to +7.5 average 0 to +5 0 to +2.0 +1 to +10 +0.5 to +4.0 fair -8 to -1 -3.0 to -0.5 -7 to 0 -2.5 to 0 poor -20 to -9 -7.5 to -3.5 -15 to -8 -6.0 to -3.0 very poor < -20 < -7.5 < -15 < -6.0
Measured: 3 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Jul 2021
- Study start10 Jan 2021
- Primary completion10 Aug 2021
- Study completion10 Aug 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Muscle TightnessStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Investigator
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Muhammad M Sanaullah, MS, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04967898
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/Lhr/20/0112 Mahnoor
- Status last verified
- Aug 2021
- First submitted
- 19 Jul 2021
- Last updated
- 30 Aug 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Marr M, Baker J, Lambon N, Perry J. The effects of the Bowen technique on hamstring flexibility over time: a randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011 Jul;15(3):281-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2010.07.008. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
PubMed 21665103Meroni R, Cerri CG, Lanzarini C, Barindelli G, Morte GD, Gessaga V, Cesana GC, De Vito G. Comparison of active stretching technique and static stretching technique on hamstring flexibility. Clin J Sport Med. 2010 Jan;20(1):8-14. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181c96722.
PubMed 20051728Starring DT, Gossman MR, Nicholson GG Jr, Lemons J. Comparison of cyclic and sustained passive stretching using a mechanical device to increase resting length of hamstring muscles. Phys Ther. 1988 Mar;68(3):314-20. doi: 10.1093/ptj/68.3.314.
PubMed 3347651Medeiros DM, Cini A, Sbruzzi G, Lima CS. Influence of static stretching on hamstring flexibility in healthy young adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Theory Pract. 2016 Aug;32(6):438-445. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2016.1204401. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
PubMed 27458757Shadmehr A, Hadian MR, Naiemi SS, Jalaie S. Hamstring flexibility in young women following passive stretch and muscle energy technique. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2009;22(3):143-8. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2009-0227.
PubMed 20023343
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 30 Aug 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Bowen Technique and Sustain Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in Asymptomatic Females
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04967898
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/Lhr/20/0112 Mahnoor
- Conditions
- Muscle Tightness
- Keywords
- sit and reach test, Bowen technique
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 44 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 10 Jan 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 10 Aug 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 Aug 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Jul 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will be a randomized clinical trial. the study will be conducted in Mubarak Hospital Sargodha. a sample size of 44 subjects will be taken. subjects will be divided into two groups using the lottery method. group 1 will be treated with Bowen technique along with heating pad and group 2 will be treated with sustained stretching technique along with heating pads thrice a week for 3 weeks. subjects will come after 1 month for follow up. the follow-up will show which technique is more effective in improving hamstring flexibility and range in healthy females. the outcome measures active knee extension test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up. data were analyzed using spss 26.
Detailed description
hamstring muscles are responsible for hip and knee movement during walking, running, squatting, bending knees, and pelvis tilting. hamstring muscles function is to perform flexion at knee and hip extension. hamstring tightness is more common in females than males. once the hamstring were tightened ,incidence of low back pain rose to 15%.
hamstring shortening occurred due to maintain same posture for prolong period of time, fatigue, sedentary life style, and poor body mechanics. hamstring tightness can disturb the biomechanics of low back and pelvis in each adolescents and adult. most of the individuals with hamstring tightness were asymptomatic. Throughout daily activities, nerves that innervate the hamstring muscle is exposed to constant pressure throughout sitting, standing can cause hamstring tightness.. Nerve adhesions inside the hamstring may alter neurodynamic inflicting abnormal machan-o-sensitivity of the nerve that will influence hamstring flexibility. This machan-o-sensitivity of the neural tissue could limit hamstring length in traditional healthy people. Shortened hamstrings amendment the curvature of the spine inflicting larger compression masses within the mesial curvatures and increase in intradiscal pressure and also the incidence of larger shear forces, thereby predisposing people to spinal issues various techniques were used to treat hamstring tightness. this study we compare the effects of Bowen technique and sustained stretching on hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic females.
group 1 will be treated with Bowen technique .this is a soft tissue mobilization technique This medical care involves short mild rolling moves over the muscles, nerve, ligaments and tendons of flesh utilizing the hands, fingers and thumb. Sequence of receiving bilateral rolling moves over segments of the erector spinae from the lumber toward cervical spine, latissimus dorsi, the gluteal, the hamstring muscles proximally and distally, tensor facia Lata and a medial hip striated muscle move. Treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. and treatment session will be 20minutes for each leg.
group 2 will be treated with sustained stretching technique. Sustained stretching is most common and safest technique used for hamstring tightness. This sort of stretch is applied slowly and bit by bit at a comparatively constant force to avoid eliciting a inborn reflex. The resultant increase in muscle length is said to elastic behavior. Static stretch of thirty seconds at a frequency of 3 continual stretches per single session is ample to extend muscle length. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. Treatment session will be 30 seconds for each leg. both groups will come after 1 month for follow up. Outcome measure active knee test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range in asymptomatic females at baseline, post-treatment and follow up. the goal of this study is to improve hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic females.
active knee extension test and sit and reach test will be used to check hamstring flexibility and range in subjects. these both tests have very high reliability and validity. There is a lack of evidence demonstrating the effects of Bowen technique and sustained stretching on hamstring flexibility. the purpose of this study is to compare the effects of both techniques to assess which technique has more clinical impact than other.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, investigator)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| bowen technique | Experimental | Other: bowen techniquegroup 1 will be treated with the Bowen technique and heating pad. this technique will be given to asymptomatic females. 22 subjects will be taken this treatment. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. the subjects will come after 1 month for follow-up. |
| sustained stretching | Active comparator | Other: sustained stretchinggroup 1 will be treated with the sustained stretching technique and heating pad. this technique will be given to asymptomatic females. 22 subjects will be taken this treatment. treatment will be given thrice a week for 3 weeks. the subjects will come after 1 month for follow-up |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 25 to 40 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- age 25-40 years
- asymptomatic subjects
- both hamstring tightness
- only females
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- females with past history of hamstring tightness
- previous surgery
- pathology
- female with back pain and spinal deformity
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| bowen techniqueBowen technique is a soft tissue mobilization technique. This medical care involves short mild rolling moves over the muscles, nerves, ligaments, and tendons of flesh utilizing the hands, fingers and thumb. Sequence of receiving bilateral rolling moves over segments of the erector spinae from the lumber toward cervical spine, latissimus dorsi, the gluteal, the hamstring muscles proximally and distally, tensor facia Lata and a medial hip striated muscle move. | Other | bowen technique |
| sustained stretchingstatic stretching is one of the most common and safest technique used for hamstring tightness. A static stretch is performed by inserting muscles at their greatest attainable length and holding that position for an amount of your time. | Other | sustained stretching |
Primary outcome
active knee extension test
Time frame: 3 weeks
Active Knee Extension test (AKE) or Popliteal angle test or 90/90 test: This test was found as gold standard test for estimating hamstring flexibility. This test is used to assess the hamstring muscle length and range of active knee extension with hip in flexed position.
sit and reach test
Time frame: 3 weeks
Sit and reach test is a common measure of flexibility. This test help to measure the extensibility of hamstring and lower back. super > +27 > +10.5 > +30 > +11.5 excellent +17 to +27 +6.5 to +10.5 +21 to +30 +8.0 to +11.5 good +6 to +16 +2.5 to +6.0 +11 to +20 +4.5 to +7.5 average 0 to +5 0 to +2.0 +1 to +10 +0.5 to +4.0 fair -8 to -1 -3.0 to -0.5 -7 to 0 -2.5 to 0 poor -20 to -9 -7.5 to -3.5 -15 to -8 -6.0 to -3.0 very poor < -20 < -7.5 < -15 < -6.0
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 30 Aug 2021.
- Background: PubMed 21665103Marr M, Baker J, Lambon N, Perry J. The effects of the Bowen technique on hamstring flexibility over time: a randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011 Jul;15(3):281-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2010.07.008. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
- Background: PubMed 20051728Meroni R, Cerri CG, Lanzarini C, Barindelli G, Morte GD, Gessaga V, Cesana GC, De Vito G. Comparison of active stretching technique and static stretching technique on hamstring flexibility. Clin J Sport Med. 2010 Jan;20(1):8-14. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0b013e3181c96722.
- Background: PubMed 3347651Starring DT, Gossman MR, Nicholson GG Jr, Lemons J. Comparison of cyclic and sustained passive stretching using a mechanical device to increase resting length of hamstring muscles. Phys Ther. 1988 Mar;68(3):314-20. doi: 10.1093/ptj/68.3.314.
- Background: PubMed 27458757Medeiros DM, Cini A, Sbruzzi G, Lima CS. Influence of static stretching on hamstring flexibility in healthy young adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Theory Pract. 2016 Aug;32(6):438-445. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2016.1204401. Epub 2016 Jul 26.
- Background: PubMed 20023343Shadmehr A, Hadian MR, Naiemi SS, Jalaie S. Hamstring flexibility in young women following passive stretch and muscle energy technique. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2009;22(3):143-8. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2009-0227.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Muhammad M Sanaullah, MS principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing bowen technique and sustained stretching in people with Muscle Tightness, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 30 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
active knee extension test (time frame: 3 weeks). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04967898, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 30 Aug 2021.