HydrotherapyNCT04977999
Effects of Combining Eccentric and Aquatic Based Exercise on Muscle Function
A study testing Exercise in people with Hydrotherapy, run by Brennan Thompson at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The study will compare the effects of eccentric resistance training versus eccentric training combined with aquatic plyometric training on muscle function outcomes. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 30 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hydrotherapy
- What is being tested?
- Exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 35 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 21 Sep 2021to 16 May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 30 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- 18 - 30 years
Who cannot join
- Currently doing resistance exercise > 3 times per month or aerobic exercise at or more than 30 min, 5 days per week.
- Any lower limb injuries or surgery within a year of the study
- If any of the subject's are too tall for the Eccentron machine (>76 inches tall)
- If any of the subject's eccentric strength is measured to be greater than 725 pounds during the first test of eccentric strength.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Comparative Effects of Eccentric-driven Exercise on Measures of Muscle Function When Combined With Aquatic Plyometric Exercise
The study will compare the effects of eccentric resistance training versus eccentric training combined with aquatic plyometric training on muscle function outcomes.
Read the detailed description
This study will use a parallel, randomized group design. Two groups will be randomly formed with one group comprising an eccentric only resistance training condition (experimental control) and the other comprising an eccentric combined with aquatic-based plyometrics condition (experimental). All subjects, regardless of group, will train on a multiple-joint eccentric machine one time per week for 7 weeks. The combined group will also perform an aquatic-based exercise session one time (on a separate day from the eccentric training) per week. Muscle function will be assessed via a battery of tests including jumps, sprints, and isometric and eccentric maximal strength.
- Conditions
- Hydrotherapy
- Being tested
- Exercise
- Keywords
- plyometrics, vertical jump, depth jump, muscle strength, muscle power, eccentric training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
ExerciseOther
Both arms/conditions use varying forms of exercise as the intervention.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Eccentric training | Active comparator | Eccentron (BTE Technologies, Inc.) training Receives: Other: Exercise |
| Aquatic training | Experimental | Hydroworks aquatic training Receives: Other: Exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Countermovement jump
Participants will perform three maximal counter movement vertical jumps on a force platform. Participants will be instructed to stand on the platform with their feet shoulder width apart with their hands on their hips. Participants will be instructed to quickly lower themselves to a comfortable depth then immediately jump as high as possible while landing with their legs relatively straight (Crane et al., 2020). A successful countermovement jump attempt will be counted if the participant lands on the platform with both feet and does not take a step before jumping (Palmer et al., 2014). A 1-minute rest period will be provided between each jump attempt. Participants will be asked to perform three practice jumps with their hands placed on hips. Following the completion of practice jumps, participants will perform 3 trials of countermovement jumping on land and 3 trials while immersed in water at waist-depth.
Measured: 7 weeks
Depth jump
Participants will perform three maximal-effort depth jumps from a height of 0.4 meters onto a force plate. Participants will be instructed to step straight off of the box without lowering themselves prior to falling, then to land and quickly jump as high as they can with minimal ground contact time. A successful jump attempt requires landing on the force plate with both feet both from the drop as well as from the rebound jump. A 1-minute rest period will be provided between each jump attempt.
Measured: 7 weeks
Maximal isometric strength
Participants will be tested on a custom-made isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) device. This device consists of a force plate set onto an aluminum plate to which a bar is attached via chains, which are adjustable for height. The subject will be fitted with an over-the-shoulder vest which will be secured to straps fixed to the force plate. The straps will be adjusted so that the participant's knee angle is set within a range of 125-145°, and the hip angle in a range of 140-150°, as has been suggested to be optimal (Comfort et al., 2019). Participants will be instructed to stand on the plate with feet shoulder width apart, and then to move to a point where the slack is all out of the straps. To initiate the pull, participants will be instructed to drive their feet through the floor as hard and as fast as they can, while keeping their feet and upper body in position, starting on the signal, and not performing a countermovement prior to the pull.
Measured: 7 weeks
Maximal eccentric strength
Eccentric muscle strength will be assessed via Eccentron (BTE Technologies, Inc., USA), a seated isokinetic dynamometer. . The pedals will move toward the participant in an alternating motion, so that each leg will work isolaterally in a repetitive manner. There will be a total of 12 maximal effort repetitions, six for each leg. For testing purposes, the speed of this motion will be set at 23 cycles per minute, which is defined as a moderate speed (Gordon et al., 2019).
Measured: 7 weeks
40-m sprint
Participants will perform three maximal-effort 40-m sprints on a hard track surface in accordance with procedures outlined by (Gordon et al., 2019). Sprint time will be measured by timing gates (Dashr Motion Performance Systems, Dashr LLC, Lincoln, Nebr., USA) positioned at the start and end points of the run distance. Participants will be instructed to start in a 3-point stance with their feet staggered and one hand on the ground. For the three point stance, participants will be instructed to place the front of their lead foot on a line 30 cm behind the start line, and to place the opposite hand of the lead foot on the starting line (Rimmer \& Sleivert, 2000). The sprint will be started with the use of a verbal command and participants will be instructed to run through a line 10 meters past the second timing gate to ensure they give full effort throughout the entire measured distance. Three trials of sprints will be performed, with a rest period of two minutes between each trial.
Measured: 7 weeks
Secondary outcomes (3)
Muscle soreness
local muscle soreness will be assessed throughout the duration of the intervention period using a Wagner force algometer.
Measured: 7 weeks
Muscle soreness (visual analog scale)
During the course of the training period, soreness levels will be assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS), in accordance with our previous procedures (Crane et al., 2020). The VAS will be administered at baseline (prior to the first training session) and for five consecutive days following the first training session of the first experimental week and then on three nonconsecutive, non-training days per week for the remaining six weeks (Crane et al., 2020).
Measured: 7 weeks
Inertial measurement unit
3-axis microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) accelerometers (Blue Trident, Vicon Motion Systems) to assess center of mass during countermovement jumps
Measured: 7 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Jul 2021
- Study start21 Sep 2021
- Primary completion1 May 2022
- Study completion16 May 2022
Why it stopped: Student graduated, study is terminated.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HydrotherapyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized parallel two group design.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 35 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Brennan Thompson
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Brennan Thompson, Utah State University
- Investigators
- Brennan J Thompson, PhD, Study chair, Utah State Univeristy
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04977999
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 11903
- Status last verified
- Apr 2024
- First submitted
- 21 Jul 2021
- Last updated
- 23 Apr 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Apr 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparative Effects of Eccentric-driven Exercise on Measures of Muscle Function When Combined With Aquatic Plyometric Exercise
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04977999
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 11903
- Conditions
- Hydrotherapy
- Keywords
- plyometrics, vertical jump, depth jump, muscle strength, muscle power, eccentric training
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: Student graduated, study is terminated.
- Enrolment
- 35 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Brennan ThompsonUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Sep 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 May 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 16 May 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Jul 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The study will compare the effects of eccentric resistance training versus eccentric training combined with aquatic plyometric training on muscle function outcomes.
Detailed description
This study will use a parallel, randomized group design. Two groups will be randomly formed with one group comprising an eccentric only resistance training condition (experimental control) and the other comprising an eccentric combined with aquatic-based plyometrics condition (experimental). All subjects, regardless of group, will train on a multiple-joint eccentric machine one time per week for 7 weeks. The combined group will also perform an aquatic-based exercise session one time (on a separate day from the eccentric training) per week. Muscle function will be assessed via a battery of tests including jumps, sprints, and isometric and eccentric maximal strength.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized parallel two group design.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Eccentric training | Active comparator | Other: ExerciseEccentron (BTE Technologies, Inc.) training |
| Aquatic training | Experimental | Other: ExerciseHydroworks aquatic training |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- 18 - 30 years
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Currently doing resistance exercise > 3 times per month or aerobic exercise at or more than 30 min, 5 days per week.
- Any lower limb injuries or surgery within a year of the study
- If any of the subject's are too tall for the Eccentron machine (>76 inches tall)
- If any of the subject's eccentric strength is measured to be greater than 725 pounds during the first test of eccentric strength.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| ExerciseBoth arms/conditions use varying forms of exercise as the intervention. | Other | Aquatic training, Eccentric training |
Primary outcome
Countermovement jump
Time frame: 7 weeks
Participants will perform three maximal counter movement vertical jumps on a force platform. Participants will be instructed to stand on the platform with their feet shoulder width apart with their hands on their hips. Participants will be instructed to quickly lower themselves to a comfortable depth then immediately jump as high as possible while landing with their legs relatively straight (Crane et al., 2020). A successful countermovement jump attempt will be counted if the participant lands on the platform with both feet and does not take a step before jumping (Palmer et al., 2014). A 1-minute rest period will be provided between each jump attempt. Participants will be asked to perform three practice jumps with their hands placed on hips. Following the completion of practice jumps, participants will perform 3 trials of countermovement jumping on land and 3 trials while immersed in water at waist-depth.
Depth jump
Time frame: 7 weeks
Participants will perform three maximal-effort depth jumps from a height of 0.4 meters onto a force plate. Participants will be instructed to step straight off of the box without lowering themselves prior to falling, then to land and quickly jump as high as they can with minimal ground contact time. A successful jump attempt requires landing on the force plate with both feet both from the drop as well as from the rebound jump. A 1-minute rest period will be provided between each jump attempt.
Maximal isometric strength
Time frame: 7 weeks
Participants will be tested on a custom-made isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) device. This device consists of a force plate set onto an aluminum plate to which a bar is attached via chains, which are adjustable for height. The subject will be fitted with an over-the-shoulder vest which will be secured to straps fixed to the force plate. The straps will be adjusted so that the participant's knee angle is set within a range of 125-145°, and the hip angle in a range of 140-150°, as has been suggested to be optimal (Comfort et al., 2019). Participants will be instructed to stand on the plate with feet shoulder width apart, and then to move to a point where the slack is all out of the straps. To initiate the pull, participants will be instructed to drive their feet through the floor as hard and as fast as they can, while keeping their feet and upper body in position, starting on the signal, and not performing a countermovement prior to the pull.
Maximal eccentric strength
Time frame: 7 weeks
Eccentric muscle strength will be assessed via Eccentron (BTE Technologies, Inc., USA), a seated isokinetic dynamometer. . The pedals will move toward the participant in an alternating motion, so that each leg will work isolaterally in a repetitive manner. There will be a total of 12 maximal effort repetitions, six for each leg. For testing purposes, the speed of this motion will be set at 23 cycles per minute, which is defined as a moderate speed (Gordon et al., 2019).
40-m sprint
Time frame: 7 weeks
Participants will perform three maximal-effort 40-m sprints on a hard track surface in accordance with procedures outlined by (Gordon et al., 2019). Sprint time will be measured by timing gates (Dashr Motion Performance Systems, Dashr LLC, Lincoln, Nebr., USA) positioned at the start and end points of the run distance. Participants will be instructed to start in a 3-point stance with their feet staggered and one hand on the ground. For the three point stance, participants will be instructed to place the front of their lead foot on a line 30 cm behind the start line, and to place the opposite hand of the lead foot on the starting line (Rimmer \& Sleivert, 2000). The sprint will be started with the use of a verbal command and participants will be instructed to run through a line 10 meters past the second timing gate to ensure they give full effort throughout the entire measured distance. Three trials of sprints will be performed, with a rest period of two minutes between each trial.
3 secondary outcomes
Muscle soreness
Time frame: 7 weeks
Muscle soreness (visual analog scale)
Time frame: 7 weeks
Inertial measurement unit
Time frame: 7 weeks
Results and safety
The study was stopped early (reason given: Student graduated, study is terminated.). Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Apr 2024.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Brennan J Thompson, PhD study chair
Utah State Univeristy
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Exercise in people with Hydrotherapy, run by Brennan Thompson at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Apr 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was stopped early (reason given: Student graduated, study is terminated.). Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Countermovement jump (time frame: 7 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Apr 2024.