PolypharmacyNCT05091879
Preemptive Pharmacogenomics Testing Among Geriatric Patients
A study testing Multigene pharmacogenomics test in people with Polypharmacy and Pharmacogenomic Testing, run by Geisinger Clinic at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
The primary goal of this study is to conduct pharmacogenomics testing (a type of DNA test) within an aging population and measure the impact of this test on medication selection, dosing, and costs of care. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Polypharmacy, Pharmacogenomic Testing
- What is being tested?
- Multigene pharmacogenomics test
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 66 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 28 Mar 2023to 1 Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Follows at a Geisinger 65 Forward clinic location
- Active prescriptions for 5 or more medications
Who cannot join
- Liver transplantation
- Allogenic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation
- Previously enrolled in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) pharmacogenomics cohort
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Implementation and Evaluation of Preemptive Pharmacogenomics Testing in an Aging Population
The primary goal of this study is to conduct pharmacogenomics testing (a type of DNA test) within an aging population and measure the impact of this test on medication selection, dosing, and costs of care.
Read the detailed description
Pharmacogenomics is the study of how a patient's unique DNA may interact with medications that the patient currently takes or may take in the future. DNA may change how a patient reacts to a medication, such as changing how well it works or the side effects. Knowing a patient's DNA profile may help healthcare professionals select the best medication treatment plan to use. This could include selecting the best medication to give or the medication strength that will work best for the patient. Currently, there is no standard that helps healthcare professionals decide to order a pharmacogenomics test that includes multiple genes. The investigators of this study think that having these DNA results in the medical record for participants who are at least 65 years old and are taking 5 or more medications will result in better health since healthcare professionals may use these results for treatment planning. Knowing if this is true will help healthcare professionals decide if ordering this test will improve patient health.
This study seeks to recruit participants for a pharmacogenomic study who visit at Geisinger 65 Forward locations. Patients who meet the study requirements and consent to be enrolled in this study will be randomly put into a group that receives this pharmacogenomics test or a group that does not receive it. There is a 50% chance of being put in the group that receives this pharmacogenomics test. The investigators will follow all patients enrolled in this study as they visit with their healthcare providers in the future. Geisinger healthcare professionals will have access to the results of this test in the medical record.
- Conditions
- Polypharmacy, Pharmacogenomic Testing
- Being tested
- Multigene pharmacogenomics test
- Keywords
- pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics, Medicare, geriatric, multigene, polypharmacy
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Multigene pharmacogenomics testGenetic
This multigene pharmacogenomics test will report genetic variation for genes that have Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | No intervention | A multigene pharmacogenomics test will not be ordered for patients in this study arm, as is the standard of care. |
| Pharmacogenomics Testing | Experimental | Patients in the experimental arm will be ordered a multigene pharmacogenomics test. This DNA test requires a blood draw, with the results expected to be reported in the medical record approximately 7 to 14 calendar days after the blood draw. These results will be made available to Geisinger healthcare professionals that have a treatment relationship with study participants. Receives: Genetic: Multigene pharmacogenomics test |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of pharmacogenomic results returned in patients' health records
The primary objective will be assessed by comparing the total number of patients with returned results in the electronic health record (EHR) with the total number of tested patients.
Measured: Date of blood draw to test results reported in medical record, up to 1 month
Secondary outcomes (4)
Composite of changes to medication therapy
The number of medication changes (e.g. dose or agent change) that healthcare professionals initiate due to pharmacogenomics return of results.
Measured: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Costs of clinical care
The total healthcare costs of patients.
Measured: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Medical costs of care
Measure of the costs of medical care (e.g. hospitalizations, outpatient visits, etc.), excluding pharmacy services.
Measured: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Pharmacy costs of care
Measure of the costs of all pharmacy services (e.g. medications, consults, etc.).
Measured: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted25 Oct 2021
- Study start28 Mar 2023
- Primary completion1 Jun 2026
- Study completion1 Jun 2026
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for PolypharmacyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 66 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Geisinger Clinic
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ryley Uber, Pharm.D., Principal investigator, Geisinger Clinic
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05091879
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020-1103
- Status last verified
- Jun 2026
- First submitted
- 27 Sep 2021
- Last updated
- 15 Jun 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Mehta D, Uber R, Ingle T, Li C, Liu Z, Thakkar S, Ning B, Wu L, Yang J, Harris S, Zhou G, Xu J, Tong W, Lesko L, Fang H. Study of pharmacogenomic information in FDA-approved drug labeling to facilitate application of precision medicine. Drug Discov Today. 2020 May;25(5):813-820. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.023. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
PubMed 32032705Hicks JK, Bishop JR, Sangkuhl K, Muller DJ, Ji Y, Leckband SG, Leeder JS, Graham RL, Chiulli DL, LLerena A, Skaar TC, Scott SA, Stingl JC, Klein TE, Caudle KE, Gaedigk A; Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 Genotypes and Dosing of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Aug;98(2):127-34. doi: 10.1002/cpt.147. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
PubMed 25974703Hicks JK, Sangkuhl K, Swen JJ, Ellingrod VL, Muller DJ, Shimoda K, Bishop JR, Kharasch ED, Skaar TC, Gaedigk A, Dunnenberger HM, Klein TE, Caudle KE, Stingl JC. Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline (CPIC) for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of tricyclic antidepressants: 2016 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Jul;102(1):37-44. doi: 10.1002/cpt.597. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
PubMed 27997040Scott SA, Sangkuhl K, Stein CM, Hulot JS, Mega JL, Roden DM, Klein TE, Sabatine MS, Johnson JA, Shuldiner AR; Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy: 2013 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Sep;94(3):317-23. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2013.105. Epub 2013 May 22.
PubMed 23698643Ramsey LB, Johnson SG, Caudle KE, Haidar CE, Voora D, Wilke RA, Maxwell WD, McLeod HL, Krauss RM, Roden DM, Feng Q, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Gong L, Klein TE, Wadelius M, Niemi M. The clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline for SLCO1B1 and simvastatin-induced myopathy: 2014 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Oct;96(4):423-8. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2014.125. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
PubMed 24918167Dong OM, Wheeler SB, Cruden G, Lee CR, Voora D, Dusetzina SB, Wiltshire T. Cost-Effectiveness of Multigene Pharmacogenetic Testing in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Value Health. 2020 Jan;23(1):61-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2019.08.002. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
PubMed 31952675Ellenbogen MI, Wang P, Overton HN, Fahim C, Park A, Bruhn WE, Carnahan JL, Linsky AM, Balogun SA, Makary MA. Frequency and Predictors of Polypharmacy in US Medicare Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis at the Patient and Physician Levels. Drugs Aging. 2020 Jan;37(1):57-65. doi: 10.1007/s40266-019-00726-0.
PubMed 31782129Yang Y, Botton MR, Scott ER, Scott SA. Sequencing the CYP2D6 gene: from variant allele discovery to clinical pharmacogenetic testing. Pharmacogenomics. 2017 May;18(7):673-685. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0033. Epub 2017 May 4.
PubMed 28470112Rohrer Vitek CR, Abul-Husn NS, Connolly JJ, Hartzler AL, Kitchner T, Peterson JF, Rasmussen LV, Smith ME, Stallings S, Williams MS, Wolf WA, Prows CA. Healthcare provider education to support integration of pharmacogenomics in practice: the eMERGE Network experience. Pharmacogenomics. 2017 Jul;18(10):1013-1025. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0038. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
PubMed 28639489Bain KT, Schwartz EJ, Knowlton OV, Knowlton CH, Turgeon J. Implementation of a pharmacist-led pharmacogenomics service for the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PHARM-GENOME-PACE). J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2018 May-Jun;58(3):281-289.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
PubMed 29602745O'Donnell PH, Bush A, Spitz J, Danahey K, Saner D, Das S, Cox NJ, Ratain MJ. The 1200 patients project: creating a new medical model system for clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Oct;92(4):446-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.117. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
PubMed 22929923Bain KT, Matos A, Knowlton CH, McGain D. Genetic variants and interactions from a pharmacist-led pharmacogenomics service for PACE. Pharmacogenomics. 2019 Jul;20(10):709-718. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0047. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
PubMed 31368837
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jun 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Implementation and Evaluation of Preemptive Pharmacogenomics Testing in an Aging Population
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05091879
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2020-1103
- Conditions
- Polypharmacy, Pharmacogenomic Testing
- Keywords
- pharmacogenomics, pharmacogenetics, Medicare, geriatric, multigene, polypharmacy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 66 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Geisinger ClinicUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 28 Mar 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jun 2026 (actual)
- First posted
- 25 Oct 2021 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The primary goal of this study is to conduct pharmacogenomics testing (a type of DNA test) within an aging population and measure the impact of this test on medication selection, dosing, and costs of care.
Detailed description
Pharmacogenomics is the study of how a patient's unique DNA may interact with medications that the patient currently takes or may take in the future. DNA may change how a patient reacts to a medication, such as changing how well it works or the side effects. Knowing a patient's DNA profile may help healthcare professionals select the best medication treatment plan to use. This could include selecting the best medication to give or the medication strength that will work best for the patient. Currently, there is no standard that helps healthcare professionals decide to order a pharmacogenomics test that includes multiple genes. The investigators of this study think that having these DNA results in the medical record for participants who are at least 65 years old and are taking 5 or more medications will result in better health since healthcare professionals may use these results for treatment planning. Knowing if this is true will help healthcare professionals decide if ordering this test will improve patient health.
This study seeks to recruit participants for a pharmacogenomic study who visit at Geisinger 65 Forward locations. Patients who meet the study requirements and consent to be enrolled in this study will be randomly put into a group that receives this pharmacogenomics test or a group that does not receive it. There is a 50% chance of being put in the group that receives this pharmacogenomics test. The investigators will follow all patients enrolled in this study as they visit with their healthcare providers in the future. Geisinger healthcare professionals will have access to the results of this test in the medical record.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Screening
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Standard of Care | No intervention | –A multigene pharmacogenomics test will not be ordered for patients in this study arm, as is the standard of care. |
| Pharmacogenomics Testing | Experimental | Genetic: Multigene pharmacogenomics testPatients in the experimental arm will be ordered a multigene pharmacogenomics test. This DNA test requires a blood draw, with the results expected to be reported in the medical record approximately 7 to 14 calendar days after the blood draw. These results will be made available to Geisinger healthcare professionals that have a treatment relationship with study participants. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Follows at a Geisinger 65 Forward clinic location
- Active prescriptions for 5 or more medications
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Liver transplantation
- Allogenic hematopoetic stem cell transplantation
- Previously enrolled in the Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) pharmacogenomics cohort
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Multigene pharmacogenomics testThis multigene pharmacogenomics test will report genetic variation for genes that have Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines. | Genetic | Pharmacogenomics Testing |
Primary outcome
Number of pharmacogenomic results returned in patients' health records
Time frame: Date of blood draw to test results reported in medical record, up to 1 month
The primary objective will be assessed by comparing the total number of patients with returned results in the electronic health record (EHR) with the total number of tested patients.
4 secondary outcomes
Composite of changes to medication therapy
Time frame: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Costs of clinical care
Time frame: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Medical costs of care
Time frame: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Pharmacy costs of care
Time frame: Date of test results reported to end of study, up to 5 years
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jun 2026.
- Background: PubMed 32032705Mehta D, Uber R, Ingle T, Li C, Liu Z, Thakkar S, Ning B, Wu L, Yang J, Harris S, Zhou G, Xu J, Tong W, Lesko L, Fang H. Study of pharmacogenomic information in FDA-approved drug labeling to facilitate application of precision medicine. Drug Discov Today. 2020 May;25(5):813-820. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.023. Epub 2020 Feb 4.
- Background: PubMed 25974703Hicks JK, Bishop JR, Sangkuhl K, Muller DJ, Ji Y, Leckband SG, Leeder JS, Graham RL, Chiulli DL, LLerena A, Skaar TC, Scott SA, Stingl JC, Klein TE, Caudle KE, Gaedigk A; Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) Guideline for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 Genotypes and Dosing of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2015 Aug;98(2):127-34. doi: 10.1002/cpt.147. Epub 2015 Jun 29.
- Background: PubMed 27997040Hicks JK, Sangkuhl K, Swen JJ, Ellingrod VL, Muller DJ, Shimoda K, Bishop JR, Kharasch ED, Skaar TC, Gaedigk A, Dunnenberger HM, Klein TE, Caudle KE, Stingl JC. Clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline (CPIC) for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotypes and dosing of tricyclic antidepressants: 2016 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Jul;102(1):37-44. doi: 10.1002/cpt.597. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
- Background: PubMed 23698643Scott SA, Sangkuhl K, Stein CM, Hulot JS, Mega JL, Roden DM, Klein TE, Sabatine MS, Johnson JA, Shuldiner AR; Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines for CYP2C19 genotype and clopidogrel therapy: 2013 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Sep;94(3):317-23. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2013.105. Epub 2013 May 22.
- Background: PubMed 24918167Ramsey LB, Johnson SG, Caudle KE, Haidar CE, Voora D, Wilke RA, Maxwell WD, McLeod HL, Krauss RM, Roden DM, Feng Q, Cooper-DeHoff RM, Gong L, Klein TE, Wadelius M, Niemi M. The clinical pharmacogenetics implementation consortium guideline for SLCO1B1 and simvastatin-induced myopathy: 2014 update. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2014 Oct;96(4):423-8. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2014.125. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
- Background: PubMed 31952675Dong OM, Wheeler SB, Cruden G, Lee CR, Voora D, Dusetzina SB, Wiltshire T. Cost-Effectiveness of Multigene Pharmacogenetic Testing in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Value Health. 2020 Jan;23(1):61-73. doi: 10.1016/j.jval.2019.08.002. Epub 2019 Sep 25.
- Background: PubMed 31782129Ellenbogen MI, Wang P, Overton HN, Fahim C, Park A, Bruhn WE, Carnahan JL, Linsky AM, Balogun SA, Makary MA. Frequency and Predictors of Polypharmacy in US Medicare Patients: A Cross-Sectional Analysis at the Patient and Physician Levels. Drugs Aging. 2020 Jan;37(1):57-65. doi: 10.1007/s40266-019-00726-0.
- Background: PubMed 28470112Yang Y, Botton MR, Scott ER, Scott SA. Sequencing the CYP2D6 gene: from variant allele discovery to clinical pharmacogenetic testing. Pharmacogenomics. 2017 May;18(7):673-685. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0033. Epub 2017 May 4.
- Background: PubMed 28639489Rohrer Vitek CR, Abul-Husn NS, Connolly JJ, Hartzler AL, Kitchner T, Peterson JF, Rasmussen LV, Smith ME, Stallings S, Williams MS, Wolf WA, Prows CA. Healthcare provider education to support integration of pharmacogenomics in practice: the eMERGE Network experience. Pharmacogenomics. 2017 Jul;18(10):1013-1025. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2017-0038. Epub 2017 Jun 22.
- Background: PubMed 29602745Bain KT, Schwartz EJ, Knowlton OV, Knowlton CH, Turgeon J. Implementation of a pharmacist-led pharmacogenomics service for the Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly (PHARM-GENOME-PACE). J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 2018 May-Jun;58(3):281-289.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.japh.2018.02.011. Epub 2018 Mar 27.
- Background: PubMed 22929923O'Donnell PH, Bush A, Spitz J, Danahey K, Saner D, Das S, Cox NJ, Ratain MJ. The 1200 patients project: creating a new medical model system for clinical implementation of pharmacogenomics. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2012 Oct;92(4):446-9. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2012.117. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
- Background: PubMed 31368837Bain KT, Matos A, Knowlton CH, McGain D. Genetic variants and interactions from a pharmacist-led pharmacogenomics service for PACE. Pharmacogenomics. 2019 Jul;20(10):709-718. doi: 10.2217/pgs-2019-0047. Epub 2019 Aug 1.
- Clinical Pharmacogenetic Implementation Consortium (CPIC) guidelines.Link provided by the sponsor.
- FDA Center for Drug Evaluation and Research Table of pharmacogenomic biomarkers in drug labeling.Link provided by the sponsor.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Ryley Uber, Pharm.D. principal investigator
Geisinger Clinic
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Multigene pharmacogenomics test in people with Polypharmacy and Pharmacogenomic Testing, run by Geisinger Clinic at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jun 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of pharmacogenomic results returned in patients' health records (time frame: Date of blood draw to test results reported in medical record, up to 1 month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT05091879, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jun 2026.