Vaccination HesitancyNCT05993260
Using Text Messages to Boost COVID-19 Vaccine Booking Rate
A study testing Behavioural science-informed text messages in people with Vaccination Hesitancy and COVID-19, run by The Behavioural Insights Team at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
This study is a nationwide randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the impact of behavioural science-informed text messages notifying patients of their eligibility for the COVID-19 vaccine on vaccination rates. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 40 to 44 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19
- What is being tested?
- Behavioural science-informed text messages
- Type of treatment
- Vaccines, Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 1,825,937 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 26 Apr 2021to 10 May 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 40 to 44 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- (i) satisfying the age criteria as defined above;
- (ii) recorded in the National Immunisation Management System (NIMS);
- (iii) with a valid mobile phone number;
- (iv) who had not already received or been invited for the COVID-19 vaccine via NIMS at the time of the study.
Who cannot join
- Participants with invalid phone numbers
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Using Text Messages to Boost COVID-19 Vaccination Appointment Booking and Vaccination Rates: A Randomised Controlled Field Trial.
This study is a nationwide randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the impact of behavioural science-informed text messages notifying patients of their eligibility for the COVID-19 vaccine on vaccination rates.
- Conditions
- Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19
- Being tested
- Behavioural science-informed text messages, Control
- Medical subject headings
- Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Behavioural science-informed text messagesBehavioural
Behaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages
ControlBehavioural
Control vaccination eligibility reminder text message
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Active comparator | Received the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Control |
| Simple | Experimental | Received the text message "You can now book your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Reserved | Experimental | Received the text message "Your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine is waiting for you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Top of queue | Experimental | Received the text message "You've reached the top of the queue and are a priority for getting a free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Join the millions | Experimental | Received the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Join the millions who have already had theirs. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Convenience | Experimental | Received the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Choose a time and place that suits you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Protection against virus | Experimental | Received the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting vaccinated is the best protection against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
| Protect you and those close to you | Experimental | Received the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting the vaccine is the best way to protect yourself and those close to you against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." Receives: Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messages |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Booking rate within 72 hours
The proportion of first dose vaccination appointments booked through the NHS National Booking System within 72 hours (inclusive) of the text message being sent
Measured: 72 hours
Secondary outcomes (1)
Vaccination rate within 14 days
The proportion of first dose vaccinations received within 14 days (inclusive) of the text message being sent
Measured: 14 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted15 Aug 2023
- Study start26 Apr 2021
- Primary completion29 Apr 2021
- Study completion10 May 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Vaccination HesitancyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Care provider
- Enrolment
- 1,825,937 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Behavioural Insights Team
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Public Health England, Department of Health and Social Care, UK, NHS England
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hannah Behrendt, The Behavioural Insights Team
- Investigators
- Hannah Behrendt, PhD, Principal investigator, The Behavioural Insights Team
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05993260
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2021035
- Status last verified
- Aug 2023
- First submitted
- 11 Aug 2023
- Last updated
- 15 Aug 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: All data requests should be submitted to NHS England and NHS Improvement (the data controller) for consideration. Access to the raw anonymised data may be granted for non-commercial research at the discretion of NHS England and NHS Improvement. Further information can be obtained from the corresponding author at hannah.behrendt@bi.team. Custom code that supports the findings of this study is available from the corresponding author upon request.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Aug 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Using Text Messages to Boost COVID-19 Vaccination Appointment Booking and Vaccination Rates: A Randomised Controlled Field Trial.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT05993260
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2021035
- Conditions
- Vaccination Hesitancy, COVID-19
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,825,937 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The Behavioural Insights TeamUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Public Health England, Department of Health and Social Care, UK, NHS England
- Study start
- 26 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 10 May 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 15 Aug 2023 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is a nationwide randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the impact of behavioural science-informed text messages notifying patients of their eligibility for the COVID-19 vaccine on vaccination rates.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, care provider)
- Number of arms
- 8
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | Active comparator | Behavioral: ControlReceived the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Simple | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You can now book your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Reserved | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "Your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine is waiting for you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Top of queue | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You've reached the top of the queue and are a priority for getting a free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Join the millions | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Join the millions who have already had theirs. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Convenience | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Choose a time and place that suits you. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Protection against virus | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting vaccinated is the best protection against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
| Protect you and those close to you | Experimental | Behavioral: Behavioural science-informed text messagesReceived the text message "You are now eligible for your free NHS Covid-19 vaccine. Getting the vaccine is the best way to protect yourself and those close to you against coronavirus. Please book yours now at [LINK] or by calling 119." |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 40 to 44 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- (i) satisfying the age criteria as defined above;
- (ii) recorded in the National Immunisation Management System (NIMS);
- (iii) with a valid mobile phone number;
- (iv) who had not already received or been invited for the COVID-19 vaccine via NIMS at the time of the study.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Participants with invalid phone numbers
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioural science-informed text messagesBehaviourally-informed content in vaccination eligibility reminder text messages | Behavioural | Convenience, Join the millions, Protect you and those close to you, Protection against virus, Reserved, Simple, Top of queue |
| ControlControl vaccination eligibility reminder text message | Behavioural | Control |
Primary outcome
Booking rate within 72 hours
Time frame: 72 hours
The proportion of first dose vaccination appointments booked through the NHS National Booking System within 72 hours (inclusive) of the text message being sent
1 secondary outcome
Vaccination rate within 14 days
Time frame: 14 days
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Aug 2023.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. All data requests should be submitted to NHS England and NHS Improvement (the data controller) for consideration. Access to the raw anonymised data may be granted for non-commercial research at the discretion of NHS England and NHS Improvement. Further information can be obtained from the corresponding author at hannah.behrendt@bi.team. Custom code that supports the findings of this study is available from the corresponding author upon request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hannah Behrendt, PhD principal investigator
The Behavioural Insights Team
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Behavioural science-informed text messages in people with Vaccination Hesitancy and COVID-19, run by The Behavioural Insights Team at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Aug 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Booking rate within 72 hours (time frame: 72 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Aug 2023.