Nursing EducationNCT06751446
Improving Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning in Nursing Students Through Post-Operative Scenario-Based Simulation
A study testing Scenario-based Simulation Skill Training and Traditional Skill Training in people with Nursing Education and Teaching Method, run by Hiroshima University at 1 site in Bangladesh.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether scenario-based simulation training can effectively enhance critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in nursing students in Bangladesh, focusing on postoperative nursing management. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Nursing Education, Teaching Method
- What is being tested?
- Scenario-based Simulation Skill Training and Traditional Skill Training
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 64 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBangladesh
- Study dates
- 21 Jan 2025to 30 Apr 2025
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 2nd-year BSN students at GCCN who take "Adult medical \& surgical nursing."
- Students who provide informed consent to participate in the study.
Who cannot join
- •Students who have completed theory class and clinical practice in the postoperative ward in any hospital.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Bangladesh1 site
Grameen Caledonian College of Nursing
Dhaka, Turag, Dhaka-1230
About this study
Official title: Enhancing the Ability of Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning Among Nursing Students on Post-operative Management Through Scenario-Based Simulation
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether scenario-based simulation training can effectively enhance critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in nursing students in Bangladesh, focusing on postoperative nursing management.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
Read more
- Does scenario-based simulation training improve critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in postoperative nursing management?
- Is scenario-based simulation training more effective than traditional skills training in enhancing these skills?
Researchers will compare an intervention group (receiving scenario-based simulation training) to a control group (receiving traditional skills training) to see if the intervention leads to greater improvements in critical thinking and clinical reasoning abilities.
Participants will:
- Attend lectures on postoperative nursing care, take a pre-test, and be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group.
- The intervention group will undergo scenario-based simulation training, while the control group will receive traditional skills training.
- Both groups will engage in individual practice and complete post-training evaluations to assess critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and overall competency
This study aims to identify an effective teaching strategy for nursing students, enhancing their ability to handle complex clinical situations and improving patient care quality.
Read the detailed description
This study, titled "Enhancing the Ability of Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning among Nursing Students on Post-operative Management through Scenario-Based Simulation," evaluates the impact of scenario-based simulation training on developing critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in 2nd-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students at the Grameen Caledonian College of Nursing (GCCN), Bangladesh.
Design and Methodology:
The research employs a prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a 1:1 parallel design and block randomization. The study consists of 57 participants, split into an intervention group (scenario-based simulation training) and a control group (traditional skills training).
- Study Duration: 11 months from November 2024 to September 2025, including preparation, intervention (3 months), and analysis.
- Educational Context: Participants will have no prior exposure to postoperative nursing theory or practice before this intervention.
Intervention Protocol
- One week ( Both for intervention group and control group)
- Two lectures on postoperative nursing management, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning.
- Pre-test to assess baseline knowledge and randomise participants.
- One to two weeks ( Based on the school schedule)
Training:
- Intervention Group: scenario-based simulation, including group activities with realistic clinical cases, guided debriefing, and individual practice.
- Control Group: Traditional skills training with standard demonstrations and hands-on practice.
Independent Practice:
- Individual practice in skill labs to reinforce learning.
Evaluation:
- Skills and knowledge assessments using a standardised checklist and post-tests.
- Participant reflections were collected for qualitative insights.
Evaluation Metrics
Primary Outcome:
Development of critical thinking and clinical reasoning, assessed using a customised checklist that evaluates domains such as analysis, inference, and evaluation.
Secondary Outcomes:
- Knowledge improvement through pre- and post-tests.
- Practical skills in postoperative management.
- Qualitative insights from participant reflections.
Technical Aspects
Randomisation:
Block randomisation is based on pre-test scores, ensuring balanced baseline knowledge across groups.
Assessment Tools:
- Knowledge Test: A 25-item multiple-choice questionnaire assessing theoretical understanding.
- Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning Checklist: Developed based on a theoretical framework by Facione and validated by Hiroshima University nursing faculty.
- Skills Evaluation: Measures ability in critical and practical components of postoperative nursing care.
Ethical and Data Management
- Ethical approval is secured from GCCN's Institutional Review Board (IRB).
- Participants' data are anonymised, securely stored on a cloud system, and will be deleted after five years.
- Participation is voluntary, with informed consent required, and withdrawal allowed without penalties.
Significance This study addresses skill gaps in critical thinking and clinical reasoning among Bangladeshi nursing students. Findings will inform curriculum improvements and promote innovative teaching strategies, with broader implications for global nursing education.
- Conditions
- Nursing Education, Teaching Method
- Being tested
- Scenario-based Simulation Skill Training, Traditional Skill Training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Scenario-based Simulation Skill TrainingOther
Scenario-based simulation is an educational approach that immerses students in realistic clinical scenarios, allowing them to practice decision-making and problem-solving in a safe, controlled environment. It challenges students to assess patient data, identify priorities, and implement interventions. Through guided debriefing sessions, students reflect on their actions, justify their decisions, and explore alternative strategies.
Traditional Skill TrainingOther
Traditional skill training in nursing education focuses on developing core technical skills through direct instruction, demonstrations, and hands-on practice. It emphasises mastery of essential tasks and conducting patient assessments. Students follow standardized protocols and procedures to ensure patient safety and accuracy in their practice
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Scenario-Based Simulation Training | Experimental | Students allocated to the intervention group through block randomisation will participate in scenario-based simulation training. The Principal Investigator (PI) and GCCN faculty will guide the students using PI-developed videos and scenarios. The training will incorporate cases that depict abnormal signs and symptoms, fostering active learning and challenging students to apply practical skills. Later, students will engage in group-based skills training for repeated practice and reinforcement. Receives: Other: Scenario-based Simulation Skill Training |
| Traditional Skills Training | Experimental | Students allocated to the control group through block randomisation will undergo traditional skills training. The Principal Investigator (PI) and GCCN faculty will demonstrate and train them in postoperative nursing management techniques. Later, students will practice independently in a skills lab under the guidance of the PI and GCCN faculty. Finally, all students will participate in a skills evaluation and knowledge post-test and provide free comments. To address potential ethical concerns, after the study's completion, the PI and GCCN faculty will provide the control group with training in scenario-based simulation and show them the developed videos on post-operative nursing management. Receives: Other: Traditional Skill Training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Ability of critical thinking and clinical reasoning with skill
The primary outcome, critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills, will be assessed using a validated checklist covering five domains: analysis, inference, evaluation, inductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning. Students' performance in simulations or traditional skill demonstrations will be scored based on practical skills, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning. Trained evaluators will observe and score students' ability to identify patient problems, make evidence-based decisions, and explain their reasoning during debriefing sessions, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of these skills.The postoperative skill evaluation checklist includes practical skills, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning. The overall total score is 100: 48 for postoperative skill, 32 for critical thinking ability, and 20 for clinical reasoning ability. This ranges from 0 - 100. Higher scores show higher skill \& ability, and lower score indicates less skill and ability.
Measured: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Secondary outcomes (5)
Critical Thinking Ability
PI and the supervisor developed a questionnaire based on the theoretical model. Total score ranges from 0-32. A higher score shows higher ability, and a lower score indicates less ability.
Measured: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Clinical Reasoning Ability
PI and the supervisor developed a questionnaire based on the theoretical model.Total score ranges from 0-20. A higher score shows higher ability, and a lower score indicates less ability.
Measured: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Post Operative Management Skill
It was adapted from a questionnaire from the adult medical and surgical nursing department of Hiroshima University. The postoperative skill score ranges from 0 to 48. Higher scores show higher skill, and a lower score indicates less skill.
Measured: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Knowledge Test Score
PI and the supervisor developed a questionnaire based on the medical \& surgical nursing textbooks.The test will have a total score range of 0-25. A higher score indicates a higher level of knowledge, whereas a lower score indicates a lesser level of knowledge.
Measured: 1 week after lecture session and 6-7 week after baseline data collection
Free Commnents
The researcher developed a questionnaire. It has five comments.Free comments will undergo thematic analysis to identify key themes and patterns, with results presented as a narrative summary using illustrative quotes or making categories to describe their responses.
Measured: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted27 Dec 2024
- Study start21 Jan 2025
- Primary completion25 Mar 2025
- Study completion30 Apr 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Nursing EducationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Intervention Group Control Group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hiroshima University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Sadia Sultana Tonny, Hiroshima University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06751446
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GCCN/IRB/2024-12
- Status last verified
- Jun 2025
- First submitted
- 20 Dec 2024
- Last updated
- 15 Jun 2025
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Share according to request to the PI and Supervisor
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Jun 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Enhancing the Ability of Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning Among Nursing Students on Post-operative Management Through Scenario-Based Simulation
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT06751446
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GCCN/IRB/2024-12
- Conditions
- Nursing Education, Teaching Method
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Hiroshima UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 21 Jan 2025 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Mar 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Apr 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 27 Dec 2024 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether scenario-based simulation training can effectively enhance critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in nursing students in Bangladesh, focusing on postoperative nursing management.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does scenario-based simulation training improve critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in postoperative nursing management?
- Is scenario-based simulation training more effective than traditional skills training in enhancing these skills?
Researchers will compare an intervention group (receiving scenario-based simulation training) to a control group (receiving traditional skills training) to see if the intervention leads to greater improvements in critical thinking and clinical reasoning abilities.
Participants will:
- Attend lectures on postoperative nursing care, take a pre-test, and be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group.
- The intervention group will undergo scenario-based simulation training, while the control group will receive traditional skills training.
- Both groups will engage in individual practice and complete post-training evaluations to assess critical thinking, clinical reasoning, and overall competency
This study aims to identify an effective teaching strategy for nursing students, enhancing their ability to handle complex clinical situations and improving patient care quality.
Detailed description
This study, titled "Enhancing the Ability of Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning among Nursing Students on Post-operative Management through Scenario-Based Simulation," evaluates the impact of scenario-based simulation training on developing critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills in 2nd-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students at the Grameen Caledonian College of Nursing (GCCN), Bangladesh.
Design and Methodology:
The research employs a prospective, open-label, randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a 1:1 parallel design and block randomization. The study consists of 57 participants, split into an intervention group (scenario-based simulation training) and a control group (traditional skills training).
- Study Duration: 11 months from November 2024 to September 2025, including preparation, intervention (3 months), and analysis.
- Educational Context: Participants will have no prior exposure to postoperative nursing theory or practice before this intervention.
Intervention Protocol
- One week ( Both for intervention group and control group)
- Two lectures on postoperative nursing management, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning.
- Pre-test to assess baseline knowledge and randomise participants.
- One to two weeks ( Based on the school schedule)
Training:
- Intervention Group: scenario-based simulation, including group activities with realistic clinical cases, guided debriefing, and individual practice.
- Control Group: Traditional skills training with standard demonstrations and hands-on practice.
Independent Practice:
- Individual practice in skill labs to reinforce learning.
Evaluation:
- Skills and knowledge assessments using a standardised checklist and post-tests.
- Participant reflections were collected for qualitative insights.
Evaluation Metrics
Primary Outcome:
Development of critical thinking and clinical reasoning, assessed using a customised checklist that evaluates domains such as analysis, inference, and evaluation.
Secondary Outcomes:
- Knowledge improvement through pre- and post-tests.
- Practical skills in postoperative management.
- Qualitative insights from participant reflections.
Technical Aspects
Randomisation:
Block randomisation is based on pre-test scores, ensuring balanced baseline knowledge across groups.
Assessment Tools:
- Knowledge Test: A 25-item multiple-choice questionnaire assessing theoretical understanding.
- Critical Thinking and Clinical Reasoning Checklist: Developed based on a theoretical framework by Facione and validated by Hiroshima University nursing faculty.
- Skills Evaluation: Measures ability in critical and practical components of postoperative nursing care.
Ethical and Data Management
- Ethical approval is secured from GCCN's Institutional Review Board (IRB).
- Participants' data are anonymised, securely stored on a cloud system, and will be deleted after five years.
- Participation is voluntary, with informed consent required, and withdrawal allowed without penalties.
Significance This study addresses skill gaps in critical thinking and clinical reasoning among Bangladeshi nursing students. Findings will inform curriculum improvements and promote innovative teaching strategies, with broader implications for global nursing education.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Intervention Group Control Group
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Scenario-Based Simulation Training | Experimental | Other: Scenario-based Simulation Skill TrainingStudents allocated to the intervention group through block randomisation will participate in scenario-based simulation training. The Principal Investigator (PI) and GCCN faculty will guide the students using PI-developed videos and scenarios. The training will incorporate cases that depict abnormal signs and symptoms, fostering active learning and challenging students to apply practical skills. Later, students will engage in group-based skills training for repeated practice and reinforcement. |
| Traditional Skills Training | Experimental | Other: Traditional Skill TrainingStudents allocated to the control group through block randomisation will undergo traditional skills training. The Principal Investigator (PI) and GCCN faculty will demonstrate and train them in postoperative nursing management techniques. Later, students will practice independently in a skills lab under the guidance of the PI and GCCN faculty. Finally, all students will participate in a skills evaluation and knowledge post-test and provide free comments. To address potential ethical concerns, after the study's completion, the PI and GCCN faculty will provide the control group with training in scenario-based simulation and show them the developed videos on post-operative nursing management. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- 2nd-year BSN students at GCCN who take "Adult medical \& surgical nursing."
- Students who provide informed consent to participate in the study.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- •Students who have completed theory class and clinical practice in the postoperative ward in any hospital.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Scenario-based Simulation Skill TrainingScenario-based simulation is an educational approach that immerses students in realistic clinical scenarios, allowing them to practice decision-making and problem-solving in a safe, controlled environment. It challenges students to assess patient data, identify priorities, and implement interventions. Through guided debriefing sessions, students reflect on their actions, justify their decisions, and explore alternative strategies. | Other | Scenario-Based Simulation Training |
| Traditional Skill TrainingTraditional skill training in nursing education focuses on developing core technical skills through direct instruction, demonstrations, and hands-on practice. It emphasises mastery of essential tasks and conducting patient assessments. Students follow standardized protocols and procedures to ensure patient safety and accuracy in their practice | Other | Traditional Skills Training |
Primary outcome
Ability of critical thinking and clinical reasoning with skill
Time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
The primary outcome, critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills, will be assessed using a validated checklist covering five domains: analysis, inference, evaluation, inductive reasoning, and deductive reasoning. Students' performance in simulations or traditional skill demonstrations will be scored based on practical skills, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning. Trained evaluators will observe and score students' ability to identify patient problems, make evidence-based decisions, and explain their reasoning during debriefing sessions, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of these skills.The postoperative skill evaluation checklist includes practical skills, critical thinking, and clinical reasoning. The overall total score is 100: 48 for postoperative skill, 32 for critical thinking ability, and 20 for clinical reasoning ability. This ranges from 0 - 100. Higher scores show higher skill \& ability, and lower score indicates less skill and ability.
5 secondary outcomes
Critical Thinking Ability
Time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Clinical Reasoning Ability
Time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Post Operative Management Skill
Time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Knowledge Test Score
Time frame: 1 week after lecture session and 6-7 week after baseline data collection
Free Commnents
Time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Jun 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Share according to request to the PI and Supervisor
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Scenario-based Simulation Skill Training and Traditional Skill Training in people with Nursing Education and Teaching Method, run by Hiroshima University at 1 site in Bangladesh.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Jun 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Bangladesh. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Ability of critical thinking and clinical reasoning with skill (time frame: 6-7 weeks after baseline data collection). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Jun 2025.