Depressive SymptomNCT07098533
Cognicise Training for Seniors for Healthy Aging
A study testing Cognicise Training and Yoga Training in people with Depressive Symptom and Cognitive Functions, run by Poznan University of Physical Education at 1 site in Poland.
Trial summary
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the impact of two 8-week motor-cognitive exercise programs - Cognicise and yoga - on psychological, respiratory, cardiovascular, postural, and biochemical health in elderly women. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 65 years and older, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Depressive Symptom, Cognitive Functions, Quality of Life
- What is being tested?
- Cognicise Training and Yoga Training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 70 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePoland
- Study dates
- 4 Apr 2023to 21 Jun 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 65 years and older
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Women aged over 65 years; Community-dwelling; Score of at least 7 points on the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS).
- Exclusion Criteria (presence of at least one of the following):
- Locomotor system disorders preventing independent movement; Morbid obesity; Active or stable cancer (ongoing radiation or chemotherapy); Liver disease with ALT > 3× upper limit of normal; Chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²); Acute inflammation (CRP > 5 mg/dL); Unstable ischemic heart disease; History of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke within the last 6 months; History of STEMI with drug-eluting stent implantation; NSTEMI within the past 12 months; Inherited metabolic disorders (e.g., phenylketonuria, galactosemia); Autoimmune diseases (e.g., acute thyroiditis, celiac disease, systemic connective tissue disease, hemolytic anemia, vitiligo, Addison's disease, hyperbilirubinemia); Non-specific enteritis (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis); Psychological disorders; Current antibiotic therapy; Current steroid therapy.
Who cannot join
None listed.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the impact of two 8-week motor-cognitive exercise programs - Cognicise and yoga - on psychological, respiratory, cardiovascular, postural, and biochemical health in elderly women.
The main objectives are to evaluate whether these programs:
Read more
Improve psychological parameters such as mood, quality of life, depressive symptoms, and cognitive abilities;
Enhance respiratory function, including lung volumes and ventilation;
Influence cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate;
Improve chest mobility, physical fitness, and cardiorespiratory capacity;
Induce favorable changes in selected blood biomarkers, including neurotrophic factors, hormones, glucose, lipids, and blood morphology;
Improve postural stability, as assessed through posturographic analysis.
The study compares the effects of yoga and Cognicise to a control group that does not receive any intervention.
Participants in the yoga and Cognicise groups will take part in supervised sessions twice a week for 8 weeks (each session lasting 45 minutes).
Participants from all three groups (yoga, Cognicise, and control) will undergo pre- and post-intervention assessments, including:
Psychological questionnaires;
Spirometry and cardiorespiratory tests;
Blood pressure and heart rate measurements;
Chest mobility and physical fitness tests;
Posturographic assessment of postural control during quiet standing with eyes open and closed;
Laboratory blood tests (including BDNF, GDNF, 25(OH)D, TSH, testosterone, cortisol, insulin, glucose, lipid profile, and complete blood count with differential).
The aim is to determine whether structured motor-cognitive training leads to measurable health benefits compared to no intervention.
- Conditions
- Depressive Symptom, Cognitive Functions, Quality of Life, Physical Fitness, Blood Biomarkers, Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)
- Being tested
- Cognicise Training, Yoga Training
- Keywords
- elderly, yoga, cognicise, women, training, exercise
- Medical subject headings
- Depression, Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cognicise TrainingBehavioural
The Cognicise program included 16 sessions over 8 weeks (twice weekly, 60 minutes each). This dual-task training combined motor activities with cognitive exercises. During basic gymnastic movements, participants responded to real-time changes in live music and visual stimuli while also solving simple verbal and math tasks. Sessions were divided into 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of dual-task activity, and 15 minutes of breathing and relaxation exercises.
Yoga TrainingBehavioural
The yoga intervention consisted of 16 instructor-led sessions over 8 weeks (twice weekly, 60 minutes each). Each session included a warm-up (15 minutes), a main phase (30 minutes) focused on exercises targeting the spine, pelvis, and hips, and a relaxation period (15 minutes), including 10 minutes of deep relaxation techniques.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Yoga Group | Experimental | Participants in this group completed 16 yoga sessions over 8 weeks. Sessions were conducted twice a week and lasted 60 minutes each. Each session included a warm-up (15 minutes), a main part (30 minutes), and relaxation exercises (15 minutes). The practice focused on movements for the upper and lower limbs and the torso, especially the lumbar spine, pelvis, and hips. The final 10 minutes of each session were dedicated to achieving a deep relaxation state. Receives: Behavioral: Yoga Training |
| Cognicise Group | Experimental | Participants in this group completed 16 Cognicise training sessions over 8 weeks. Sessions were held twice a week and lasted 60 minutes. Each session followed a dual-task format combining motor and cognitive elements. Participants performed basic physical exercises while responding to live piano music and visual color cues. They also completed simple language tasks (e.g., spelling words backwards, naming items in categories) and arithmetic tasks. The session structure included a 15-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of cognitive-motor training, and 15 minutes of relaxation and breathing exercises. Receives: Behavioral: Cognicise Training |
| Control Group | No intervention | Participants in the control group did not participate in any structured physical or cognitive training during the 8-week intervention period. They were instructed to maintain their usual daily routines and not to begin any new exercise or therapy programs. Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted at the same time points as in the intervention groups. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO₂max)
Predicted VO₂max estimated using a modified Åstrand-Ryhming protocol on a cycle ergometer. Higher values indicate better cardiovascular fitness. Units: milliliters per kilogram per minute (mL/kg/min)
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
GDS-15 (15 items). Scores range from 0 to 15; higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms. Units: score (0-15; higher = worse outcome)
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Serum concentration of BDNF measured in fasting blood samples collected in the morning. Units: ng/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Secondary outcomes (44)
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
Stroop test10-item scale. Scores range from 0 to 30; higher scores indicate greater self-esteem. Units: score (0-30; higher = better outcome).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)
21-item inventory. Scores range from 0 to 63; higher scores indicate greater depressive symptoms. Units: score (0-63; higher = worse outcome).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Stroop Test - Completion Time
Time (in seconds) to complete the interference condition of the Stroop Test. Lower values indicate better executive functioning. Units: seconds (s).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Stroop Test - Number of Errors
Number of errors during the interference condition. Lower scores indicate better cognitive control. Units: count.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Calculated as body mass (kg) divided by height (m) squared. Units: kg/m².
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Fat Mass
Body fat percentage measured using bioimpedance analysis. Units: %.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Muscle Mass
Skeletal muscle mass percentage via bioimpedance analysis. Units: %.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Visceral Fat
Visceral fat level assessed via bioimpedance analysis, expressed as an index score. Units: score.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Chest Expansion
Thoracic expansion measured with tape during maximum inspiration and expiration. Units: centimeters (cm).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Vital Capacity - Percentage of Predicted
Vital capacity expressed as a percentage of predicted value based on age, sex, and height. Units: %.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Minute Ventilation (VE)
Volume of air exhaled per minute. Units: liters per minute (L/min).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Tidal Volume (TV)
Volume of air exhaled in one breath. Units: milliliters (mL).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Respiratory Rate (RR)
Number of breaths per minute during resting conditions. Units: breaths per minute (brpm).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
FEV1/FVC Ratio
Ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity. Units: percentage (%).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Maximal Expiratory Flow (MEF75, MEF50, MEF25)
Maximal flow at selected points of forced expiration, expressed as a percentage of predicted. Units: percentage (%).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Heart Rate (HR)
Measured at rest using standard heart rate monitor. Units: beats per minute (bpm).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
Measured in mmHg using standard sphygmomanometer. Units: millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
Measured in mmHg using standard sphygmomanometer. Units: millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Subjective perception of exertion using a 1-10 scale. Units: score (1-10).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Measured from fasting serum sample. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
Total erythrocyte count. Units: 10¹²/L.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Hemoglobin (HGB)
Hemoglobin concentration in blood. Units: g/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Hematocrit (HCT)
Proportion of blood volume occupied by red cells. Units: percentage (%).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV)
Coefficient of variation of red blood cell size distribution. Units: percentage (%).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Platelets (PLT)
Platelet count. Units: 10⁹/L.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils
Differential white blood cell count. Units: percentage (%).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Total Cholesterol (TC)
Measured from fasting serum sample. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
HDL Cholesterol (HDL)
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
LDL Cholesterol (LDL)
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Triglycerides (TG)
Serum triglyceride concentration. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Glucose (GLU)
Fasting glucose concentration. Units: mg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Serum TSH level. Units: μIU/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Insulin (INS)
Serum insulin concentration. Units: μIU/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Cortisol (COR)
Morning serum cortisol level. Units: µg/dL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Testosterone (TES)
Total serum testosterone concentration. Units: ng/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Testosterone to Cortisol Ratio (T/C)
Ratio of serum testosterone to cortisol. Units: unitless (arbitrary units).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)
Serum concentration of GDNF. Units: ng/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Irisin (IRS)
Serum irisin concentration. Units: ng/mL.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - Path Length:
Total path length of center of pressure displacement during quiet standing. Units: mm.
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - the total area enclosed by the COP trajectory
Assessment of postural stability during quiet standing for 30 seconds with eyes open and eyes closed. Measurement of the total area enclosed by the COP trajectory in square centimeters (cm²).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Posturography - Center of Pressure Path Length to its Area enclosed ratio
Assessment of postural stability during quiet standing for 30 seconds with eyes open and eyes closed. Ratio of COP path length to the enclosed area (unitless).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - average Speed
Assessment of postural stability during quiet standing for 30 seconds with eyes open and eyes closed. Average speed of COP displacement measured in centimeters per second (cm/s).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - average x-axis speed
Assessment of postural stability during quiet standing for 30 seconds with eyes open and eyes closed. Average speed of COP displacement along the x-axis in centimeters per second (cm/s).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - average y-axis speed
Assessment of postural stability during quiet standing for 30 seconds with eyes open and eyes closed. Average speed of COP displacement along the y-axis in centimeters per second (cm/s).
Measured: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Aug 2025
- Study start4 Apr 2023
- Primary completion21 Jun 2023
- Study completion21 Jun 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Depressive SymptomStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Poznan University of Physical Education
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Piotr Gronek, Prof., Study chair, Poznan University of Physical Education
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07098533
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 124/21
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 9 Jul 2025
- Last updated
- 1 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Cognicise Training for Seniors for Healthy Aging
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT07098533
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 124/21
- Conditions
- Depressive Symptom, Cognitive Functions, Quality of Life, Physical Fitness, Blood Biomarkers, Elderly (People Aged 65 or More)
- Keywords
- elderly, yoga, cognicise, women, training, exercise
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 70 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Poznan University of Physical EducationUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Apr 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 Jun 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 21 Jun 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Aug 2025 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the impact of two 8-week motor-cognitive exercise programs - Cognicise and yoga - on psychological, respiratory, cardiovascular, postural, and biochemical health in elderly women.
The main objectives are to evaluate whether these programs:
Improve psychological parameters such as mood, quality of life, depressive symptoms, and cognitive abilities;
Enhance respiratory function, including lung volumes and ventilation;
Influence cardiovascular parameters such as blood pressure and heart rate;
Improve chest mobility, physical fitness, and cardiorespiratory capacity;
Induce favorable changes in selected blood biomarkers, including neurotrophic factors, hormones, glucose, lipids, and blood morphology;
Improve postural stability, as assessed through posturographic analysis.
The study compares the effects of yoga and Cognicise to a control group that does not receive any intervention.
Participants in the yoga and Cognicise groups will take part in supervised sessions twice a week for 8 weeks (each session lasting 45 minutes).
Participants from all three groups (yoga, Cognicise, and control) will undergo pre- and post-intervention assessments, including:
Psychological questionnaires;
Spirometry and cardiorespiratory tests;
Blood pressure and heart rate measurements;
Chest mobility and physical fitness tests;
Posturographic assessment of postural control during quiet standing with eyes open and closed;
Laboratory blood tests (including BDNF, GDNF, 25(OH)D, TSH, testosterone, cortisol, insulin, glucose, lipid profile, and complete blood count with differential).
The aim is to determine whether structured motor-cognitive training leads to measurable health benefits compared to no intervention.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Yoga Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Yoga TrainingParticipants in this group completed 16 yoga sessions over 8 weeks. Sessions were conducted twice a week and lasted 60 minutes each. Each session included a warm-up (15 minutes), a main part (30 minutes), and relaxation exercises (15 minutes). The practice focused on movements for the upper and lower limbs and the torso, especially the lumbar spine, pelvis, and hips. The final 10 minutes of each session were dedicated to achieving a deep relaxation state. |
| Cognicise Group | Experimental | Behavioral: Cognicise TrainingParticipants in this group completed 16 Cognicise training sessions over 8 weeks. Sessions were held twice a week and lasted 60 minutes. Each session followed a dual-task format combining motor and cognitive elements. Participants performed basic physical exercises while responding to live piano music and visual color cues. They also completed simple language tasks (e.g., spelling words backwards, naming items in categories) and arithmetic tasks. The session structure included a 15-minute warm-up, 30 minutes of cognitive-motor training, and 15 minutes of relaxation and breathing exercises. |
| Control Group | No intervention | –Participants in the control group did not participate in any structured physical or cognitive training during the 8-week intervention period. They were instructed to maintain their usual daily routines and not to begin any new exercise or therapy programs. Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted at the same time points as in the intervention groups. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 65 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Women aged over 65 years; Community-dwelling; Score of at least 7 points on the Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS).
- Locomotor system disorders preventing independent movement; Morbid obesity; Active or stable cancer (ongoing radiation or chemotherapy); Liver disease with ALT > 3× upper limit of normal; Chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²); Acute inflammation (CRP > 5 mg/dL); Unstable ischemic heart disease; History of ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke within the last 6 months; History of STEMI with drug-eluting stent implantation; NSTEMI within the past 12 months; Inherited metabolic disorders (e.g., phenylketonuria, galactosemia); Autoimmune diseases (e.g., acute thyroiditis, celiac disease, systemic connective tissue disease, hemolytic anemia, vitiligo, Addison's disease, hyperbilirubinemia); Non-specific enteritis (e.g., Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis); Psychological disorders; Current antibiotic therapy; Current steroid therapy.
Key exclusion criteria (0 listed)
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cognicise TrainingThe Cognicise program included 16 sessions over 8 weeks (twice weekly, 60 minutes each). This dual-task training combined motor activities with cognitive exercises. During basic gymnastic movements, participants responded to real-time changes in live music and visual stimuli while also solving simple verbal and math tasks. Sessions were divided into 15 minutes of warm-up, 30 minutes of dual-task activity, and 15 minutes of breathing and relaxation exercises. | Behavioural | Cognicise Group |
| Yoga TrainingThe yoga intervention consisted of 16 instructor-led sessions over 8 weeks (twice weekly, 60 minutes each). Each session included a warm-up (15 minutes), a main phase (30 minutes) focused on exercises targeting the spine, pelvis, and hips, and a relaxation period (15 minutes), including 10 minutes of deep relaxation techniques. | Behavioural | Yoga Group |
Primary outcome
Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO₂max)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Predicted VO₂max estimated using a modified Åstrand-Ryhming protocol on a cycle ergometer. Higher values indicate better cardiovascular fitness. Units: milliliters per kilogram per minute (mL/kg/min)
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
GDS-15 (15 items). Scores range from 0 to 15; higher scores indicate more severe depressive symptoms. Units: score (0-15; higher = worse outcome)
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Serum concentration of BDNF measured in fasting blood samples collected in the morning. Units: ng/mL.
44 secondary outcomes
Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Stroop Test - Completion Time
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Stroop Test - Number of Errors
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Fat Mass
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Muscle Mass
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Visceral Fat
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Chest Expansion
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Vital Capacity - Percentage of Predicted
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Minute Ventilation (VE)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Tidal Volume (TV)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Respiratory Rate (RR)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
FEV1/FVC Ratio
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Maximal Expiratory Flow (MEF75, MEF50, MEF25)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Heart Rate (HR)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Red Blood Cells (RBC)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Hemoglobin (HGB)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Hematocrit (HCT)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW-CV)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Platelets (PLT)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Total Cholesterol (TC)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
HDL Cholesterol (HDL)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
LDL Cholesterol (LDL)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Triglycerides (TG)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Glucose (GLU)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Insulin (INS)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Cortisol (COR)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Testosterone (TES)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Testosterone to Cortisol Ratio (T/C)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Irisin (IRS)
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - Path Length:
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)
Posturography - Displacements of Center of Pressure - the total area enclosed by the COP trajectory
Time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program).
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Aug 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Piotr Gronek, Prof. study chair
Poznan University of Physical Education
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Cognicise Training and Yoga Training in people with Depressive Symptom and Cognitive Functions, run by Poznan University of Physical Education at 1 site in Poland.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 0 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Poland. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO₂max) (time frame: Baseline (within 3 days before intervention) and Post-intervention (within 3 days after the 8-week program)). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Aug 2025.